With the implement of health care reform, the health service distribution becomes more important. As the main provider of basic health service, township health center is the key to promote rational health service distribution. Therefore, Gini coefficient is used to analyze equity, and DEA score to analyze efficiency. The result reveals that the township health center in Shandong Province is in a very fair status, but the number of physicians is low. The DEA score reveals the low-level of efficiency. A comprehensive system design should be taken to have patients get health service at township health centers.%医改进程中区域内医疗服务流向不合理问题凸显,乡镇卫生院作为区域内基本医疗卫生服务的主要提供者,其功能能否正常发挥是实现区域内合理分流的关键.因此,有必要对区域内乡镇卫生院资源配置的公平性和服务效率等基础信息进行分析.文章通过测算基尼系数和DEA效率分析,发现山东省乡镇卫生院处于整体服务能力水平较低的公平状态,乡镇卫生院在现有资源配置状况下,可以提供更多的服务,但现实情况是没有相应的服务对象.研究结果提示应在体系、制度、功能、资源和需求等层面进行综合设计,促使病人下沉到基层.
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