乙肝病毒携带者母亲母乳喂养安全性研究

摘要

目的 探讨乙肝病毒携带者母亲母乳喂养的安全性.方法 选取我院2008年10月-2010年12月住院分娩的180例母亲是乙肝病毒携带者的婴儿进行前瞻性随访研究.所选婴儿均在出生12 h内注射乙肝免疫球蛋白100 U,以及在出生后0、1、6个月注射乙肝疫苗5 μg.按自愿选择的原则,分别实行母乳喂养或奶粉喂养,婴儿7～9个月时抽血查"乙肝两对半",统计乙肝表面抗原(HBsAg)阳性率及乙肝表面抗体(HBsAb)阳性率.结果 大三阳母亲和血清HBsAg阳性母亲母乳喂养组和奶粉喂养组婴儿7～9个月大时HBsAg阳性率及HBsAb阳性率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 乙肝病毒携带者母亲所生的婴儿在接受被动和主动全程联合免疫的条件下母乳喂养是安全的,母乳喂养不会增加婴儿乙肝病毒感染率,而且不会降低婴儿乙肝免疫力的产生.%Objective To investigate the safety of breast - feeding by hepatitis B - positive mothers. Methods A prospective follow -up study was carried out among 180 infants who were born from October 2008 to December 2010 in our hospital with hepatitis B virus carrier mothers. All these infants were injected with 100 U HBIG within 12 hours after birth, and received 5 μg hepatitis B vaccine at 0, 1, 6 months old. Then the infants were divided into two groups according to the will of the mothers. Infants in the first group fed on breast milk, and those in the second group fed on powdered milk. The five routine immunolog-ical hepatitis B indicators were checked when the infants were 7 ~ 9 months old. We calculated the rates of positive HBsAg and HBsAb. Results No statistically significant differences in positive rates of HBsAg and HBsAb between the breast - feeding group and the powdered milk group were noted at 7 ~ 9 months old ( P > 0. 05 ) . Conclusion With the medical treatment of combined passive immunity and full - term active immunity, breast - feeding from hepatitis B virus carrier mothers are as safe as powdered milk feeding. Breast - feeding does not increase the incidence of hepatitis B virus infection nor reduce the immune ability against anti - hepatitis B virus.