目的 了解武汉地区女性出租车驾驶员高血压患病率五年变化趋势,为对这类特殊人群做好健康管理提供依据.方法采取整群抽样的方法,对武汉地区1 226名女性出租车驾驶员进行连续五年(2006-2010年)的健康体检和人口学调查,比较五年来高血压患病率的变化趋势.结果高血压患病率有逐年增高的趋势( P ＜0.05);不同年龄组间高血压病患病率不同,差异有统计学意义( P ＜0.05);随着年龄的增加,高血压病患病率逐渐增高,差异有统计学意义( P ＜0.01),每增10岁平均增长速度为227.38%.不同年龄组女性出租车驾驶员的体质指数、腰围、收缩压、舒张压及血清总胆固醇水平比较,差异均有统计学意义( P ＜0.05).缺乏锻炼是影响驾驶员血压水平的危险因素( P ＜0.05).结论 武汉地区女性出租车驾驶员高血压患病率为18.27%,2006-2010年高血压患病率有逐年增高的趋势,存在明显的增龄效应,应大力开展高血压防治知识的宣传教育,在强调高血压危险因素的同时,应当引导其循序渐进地建立健康的生活方式.%Objective To study five - year trend of prevalence of hypertension among female taxi drivers in Wuhan, and to provide basis of health management for this special populations as well.Methods Medical and demographic health survey was performed by cluster sampling method among 1226 female taxi drivers in Wuhan for five consecutive years ( 2006 - 2010 ).The prevalence of hypertension trends in five years was then compared.Results Prevalence of hypertension had a increasing trend year by year ( P ＜ 0.05 ); different age groups had different rates of hypertension, the difference was statistically significant ( P ＜ 0.05 ); With the increase of age, the prevalence of hypertension increased accordingly, the difference was statistically significant ( P ＜ 0.01 ).The average growth rate was 227.38 percent for every additional 10 years.Different age groups, body mass index of female taxi drivers, waist circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressure and serum total cholesterol had statistically significant difference ( P ＜0.05 ).Lack of exercises was the risk factors for driver's blood pressure ( P ＜0.05 ).Conclusion Prevalence of hypertension among female taxi drivers in Wuhan is 18.27％.From 2006 to 2010, the prevalence of hypertension has increased year by year, with obvious age effects.Prevention and treatment of hypertension should be vigorously carried out and hypertension education in the same time should be stressed.Healthy lifestyles should be established step by step.
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