成都市社区高血压前期流行病学及心血管疾病危险因素调查

摘要

Objective To investigate the prevalence of prehypertension in community of Chengdu and to evaluate the relationship hetween prehypertension and other risk factors for cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) and multiple metabolic disorders.Methods Participants from three communities in Chengdu were surveyed by randomly cluster sampling. A sample of 3524 persons aged 18 years and over completed an interviewer administered questionnaire and physical examination. Blood pressure values and blood samples were obtained and analyzed for all individuals. Results ( 1 ) The prevalence of prehypertension in Chengdu was 34. 07％ and it was increased with age up to 30 ～39 ( 39. 93％ ) and then declined in older age. Prehypertension was more common in males than females ( 41. 16％ VS. 23. 89％ , P ＜0. 05 ). ( 2 ) Prevalence of some cardiovascular risk factors ( age ,smoking, dyslipidemia, body mass index, fasting blood glucose ) in prehypertensive patients were significantly higher than that in normotensive people ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). ( 3 ) Odds of hyperglycemia, mcreased fasting blood glucose, hyperuricemia and obesity,overweight, increased waist circumference were significantly higher among prehypertensive participants compared to normotensive participants. Conclusion Prehypertension morbidity rate in Chengdu is high, and it is associated with increased prevalence of other CVD risk factors and multiple metabolic disorders. Health - care providers should recognize the increased CVD risk in prehypertension patients and should seek to identify and treat the risk factors in these patients by combination of interventions such as improving the way of living or prescribing some controller medications.%目的 探讨成都市社区居民高血压前期的流行病学特征及其与心血管疾病危险因素及多代谢异常的相关性.方法 采用整群随机抽样法对成都市3个区县≥18岁的3 524名常住居民进行调查.与所有调查对象面访,进行问卷调查、体检、血压测量和血样采集.结果 (1)成都市高血压前期患病率为34.07%,随年龄增长呈先升后降趋势,30～39岁达到最高(39.93%).男性患病率明显高于女性(41.16%和23.89%,P＜0.05).(2)高血压前期者的吸烟率明显高于血压正常者,血脂异常、体质指数、血糖等多种心血管疾病相关危险因素明显多于血压正常者(P＜0.05).(3)高血压前期者较血压正常者的空腹血糖增高、高三酰甘油血症、高尿酸血症,及超重、肥胖、腹型肥胖相对危险度增加.结论 成都地区居民高血压前期患病率较高,这类患者已经并存多种心血管疾病危险因素及代谢异常,医务人员应该加强认识,并且对高血压前期患者在早期即应进行心血管危险因素的筛查,采用改善生活方式与适当药物的综合干预措施.