静脉溶栓治疗急性缺血性脑卒中的研究进展

摘要

急性缺血性脑卒中（AIS）静脉溶栓约有20年历史，但由于其适应证、禁忌证及并发症等因素，静脉溶栓率并不高。国外 AIS 静脉溶栓率为5%~10%，而我国仅约1.9%。如何提高 AIS 静脉溶栓率是临床医生面临的重要问题。本文对包括静脉溶栓治疗时间窗的延长、年龄选择范围是否可以扩大、短暂性脑缺血发作（TIA）和小卒中静脉溶栓、存在禁忌证的静脉溶栓、最适剂量等进展进行综述。%There has been about 20 years since thrombolytic therapy was used in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke (AIS). However,thrombolysis rate is not satisfactory due to its indications,contraindications and complications. Thrombolysis rate is 5% - 10% in the treatment of AIS in other countries,but the rate is only about 1. 9% in China. It is an important issue for the clinicians to increase thrombolysis rate in the treatment of AIS. The article summarizes the extension of time window of thrombolytic therapy, expansion of age range, transient ischemic attack ( TIA ), thrombolytic therapy for minor stroke, thrombolytic therapy with contraindications and optimal dose.