基于糖尿病生命质量量表的老年2型糖尿病患者生命质量影响因素研究

摘要

目的：探讨基于糖尿病生命质量量表的老年2型糖尿病患者生命质量的影响因素。方法选取2013年3月—2014年12月在南京市某社区医院体检的老年2型糖尿病患者240例。采用自行设计的问卷，由调查员对患者进行面对面访问调查，共发放问卷240份，回收有效问卷224份，问卷有效回收率为93．3％，问卷内容分为一般情况和糖尿病生命质量量表两部分。其中糖尿病生命质量量表是在《糖尿病患者生存质量特异性量表（ DSQL）》及《健康调查简表（SF－36）》的基础上，针对老年人自身特点加以修改制定，其内部一致性Cronbach′sα系数为0．850，共提取4个公因子，累计方差贡献率为43．65％。影响因素分析采用多元线性回归分析。结果不同性别患者躯体功能、心理功能得分及总分间差异有统计学意义（ P＜0．05）；不同受教育程度患者社会功能得分间差异有统计学意义（ P＜0．05）；不同居住情况患者躯体功能、社会功能得分间差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）；不同BMI患者躯体功能得分间差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）；有无高血压患者特异模块得分及总分间差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。多元线性回归分析结果显示，性别和BMI是躯体功能得分的影响因素（P＜0．05）；性别和居住情况是心理功能得分的影响因素（P＜0．05）；受教育程度和居住情况是社会功能得分的影响因素（ P＜0．05）；高血压是特异模块得分的影响因素（ P＜0．05）；性别和高血压是生命质量总分的影响因素（P＜0．05）。结论该量表能有效测评老年2型糖尿病患者的生命质量，且性别、 BMI、居住情况、受教育程度及高血压是其生命质量的影响因素。%Objective To study influence factors of quality of life of the elderly with type 2 diabetes based on diabetes quality of life questionnaire.Methods 240 aged patients with type 2 diabetes, who received physical examination in a community hospital in Nanjing from March 2013 to December 2014, were selected.Face to face interview surveys were made to patients by investigators with self-designed questionnaires, 240 questionnaires were sent out and 224 were effectively recovered, and the effective response rate was 93.3%.The questionnaire contents were divided into two parts: general condition and diabetes quality of life scale.Based on Diabetes Specific Quality of Life Scale (DSQL) and Short Form Health Survey Scale (SF-36), diabetes quality of life scale was modified on the basis of the elderly own characteristics, and Cronbach′s αcoefficient of its internal consistency was 0.850, four common factors were extracted, and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 43.65%. Multiple linear regression analysis was applied in analyzing influence factors.Results The scores of physical function and mental function and the total scores of patients with different genders were significantly different ( P <0.05 ); the scores of social function of patients with different educational levels were significantly different ( P <0.05 ); scores of physical function and social function of patients with different living conditions were significantly different ( P<0.05); scores of physical function of patients with different BMI were significantly different ( P <0.05 ); and scores of specific module and total scores between patients with or without hypertension were significantly different ( P<0.05 ) .Multiple linear regression analysis showed that gender and BMI were influence factors of scores of physical function ( P<0.05 ); gender and living conditions were influence factors of scores of psychological function (P<0.05); educational levels and living conditions were influence factors of scores of social function ( P <0.05 ); hypertension was influence factors of scores of specific module ( P <0.05 ); gender and hypertension were influence factors of the total scores of quality of life ( P <0.05 ) .Conclusion The scale can effectively evaluate the quality of life of aged patients with type 2 diabetes, and moreover gender, BMI, living conditions, educational levels and hypertension are influence factors of their quality of life.