发展性照顾对早产儿胃肠功能成熟及体重增长的影响

摘要

Objective:To analyze the influence of developmental care on the maturity of gastrointestinal function, weight growth and complications occurrence in premature infants,so as to provide useful references for promo-ting the recovery of gastrointestinal function of premature infants.Methods:In accordance with the wishes of the parents,a total of 84 cases of premature infants who met the inclusion criteria were divided into observation group (44 cases)and control group (40 cases).The premature infants in observation group received the devel-opmental care,and the premature infants in control group received routine nursing care,and then to record me-conium excretion time duration,lasting time of gastrointestinal dysfunction,disappearing time of abdominal dis-tention,assist defecation time,time of reaching enough feeding,weight increased to normal time and complica-tions occurrence during hospitalization between both groups.The blood gastrin (GAS)and motilin (MOT)lev-els were determined by RIA kit at the time of admission and 14th day during hospitalization.Results:GAS and MOT of premature infants in observation group after the intervention were 131.75 ng/L±31.44 ng/L and 317. 34 ng/L± 33.64 ng/L,which was significantly higher than that in control group (P < 0.05 ).In observation group,the meconium excretion time,improving time of gastrointestinal dysfunction,disappearing time of ab-dominal distention,assist defecation time,time of reaching enough feeding,weight increased to normal time were significantly shorter than that in control group (P <0.05).The observation group during hospitalization, the incidences of hyperbilirubinemia,nosocomial infection,anemia,nutritional necrotizing enterocolitis were sig-nificantly lower than that in control group (P <0.05).Conclusion:Developmental care could promote the matu-rity of gastrointestinal function of premature infants,improve gastrointestinal function and reduce complica-tions.Developmental care is an effective nursing method.%[目的]分析发展性照顾对早产儿胃肠功能成熟、体重增长和并发症发生的影响,为改善早产儿胃肠功能恢复提供有益的参考。[方法]将84例符合纳入标准的早产儿按照家长意愿分为观察组(44例)和对照组(40例)。观察组采用发展性照顾护理,对照组采用常规护理。记录两组患儿胎便排泄时间、胃肠功能障碍持续时间、腹胀消失时间、协助性排便时间、达足量喂养时间、体重增至正常时间及住院期间并发症发生情况。在入院时和住院14 d 时采用放射免疫试剂盒测定血液胃泌素(GAS)、胃动素(MOT)水平。[结果]观察组干预后的 GAS 和 MOT 分别为131.75 ng/L±31.44 ng/L、317.34 ng/L±33.64 ng/L,显著高于对照组(P<0.05)；观察组胎便排泄时间、胃肠功能障碍改善时间、腹胀消失时间、协助性排便时间、达足量喂养时间、体重增长至正常时间均显著短于对照组(P <0.05)；住院期间,观察组高胆红素血症、贫血、院内感染、坏死性小肠结肠炎、营养不良发生率显著低于对照组(P <0.05)。[结论]发展性照顾可更好地促进早产儿胃肠功能成熟,改善患儿胃肠功能,减少并发症,是一种有效的护理方法。