外科护理风险因素分析与管理对策的探讨

摘要

Objective:To analyse risk factors of surgical nursing and the effect of corresponding management countermeasures.Methods:260 patients who had been treated in our hospital from January 2012 to December 2012 were selected as research objects.Retrospective analysis about patients records was made to get the understanding of risk factors in nursing.Then the data information was collected,classified and analysed.At this time,corresponding management countermeasures were made and the effect of nursing was evaluated.The patients’conditions were evaluated before and after the management countermeasures and to investigate the effectiveness of management countermeasures.Results:Risk factors of surgical nursing consist of human factors,channel factors,nosocomial infection factors,environmental factors and some other factors.The research results showed that apart from environmental factor,the incidence rate of other factors was lower after nursing management countermeasures,the variation has statistical significance(P<0.05).Conclusion:As nursing personnel in surgery,we should have a clear understanding of the high risks of surgical nursing and minimize the risk to prevent the safety misadventure from happening.In order to improve the surgical nursing management,we should improve the quality of nursing staff,the hospital environment,nursing techniques,and nurse-patient communication. Moreover,we should eliminate safety misadventure,try to avoid the security incidents,and improve the satisfaction of patients.%　　目的：分析外科护理风险因素，并观察相应管理对策的效果。方法：选取2012年1-12月笔者所在医院收治的住院患者260例作为研究对象，回顾性分析患者病历，了解护理工作中所涉及的各种护理风险因素，并将其进行汇总、分类和分析，同时提出相应管理对策并考察其效果。对管理对策实施前与实施后的情况进行评估，观察护理安全事故的发生次数以及原因分类，以考察管理对策的有效性。结果：外科护理风险因素：护理人员因素、管道因素、院内感染因素、环境因素和其他因素。结果显示，除环境因素外，其他因素实施护理管理对策后的发生率均低于实施前，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论：作为外科护理人员，一方面需要对外科护理的高风险性做到准确认识，另一方面也要将护理风险因素控制到最低可能，从而防止护理安全事件发生。外科护理管理要从护理人员素质、院内环境、护理技术操作和护患沟通等方面着手，排除安全隐患，降低护理安全事故发生率，提高患者对于护理工作的满意度。