Objective:To observe the efficacy and safety of recombinant human acidic fibroblast growth factor (rh-aFGF) in the treatment of tibia and fibula open fractures.Method:64 cases of open fractures of tibia and fibula patients was selected in our hospital from March 2013 to March 2014.They were divided into treatment(32 cases) and control(32 cases) group.The patients in the control group were treated with thorough debridement anti-infection and nutrition support therapy.The patients in the treatment group were treated with rh-aFGF in addition(cleaning wounds and skin grafts with rh-aFGF).Then the wound healing time, wound complications and infection were assessed after 7~14 d continuous treatment.Result:There were significant difference between the two groups in wounds healing time (26.7±10.4 vs 30.5±10.7) d,fracture healing time (57.9±17.6 vs 63.2±21.4) d,the incidence of delayed fracture healing (0%vs 12.5%) and the skin graft survival area(98.7±1.7 vs 91.4±2.4)%. What’s more,the edema score,pain score,the incidence of severe infections also had significant difference between the treatment group and control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The recombinant human acidic fibroblast growth factor can accelerate the recovery of wounds and it can also reduce the complications and inflammation.%目的：观察重组人酸性成纤维细胞生长因子(rh-aFGF)治疗胫腓骨开放性骨折的有效性与安全性。方法：选取笔者所在医院2013年3月-2014年3月收治的64例胫腓骨开放性骨折患者，按照随机数字表法分为治疗组和对照组。对照组接受彻底清创、抗感染治疗及相应的营养支持治疗，治疗组在对照组基础上术后给予rh-aFGF清洗创面及移植皮片，缝合后每日换药。连续治疗7~14 d后评估治疗效果。结果：治疗组创面完全愈合时间，骨折愈合时间，骨折延迟愈合发生率，皮片成活面积分别为(26.7±10.4)d、(57.9±17.6)d、0、(98.7±1.7)%。对照组分别为(30.5±10.7)d、(63.2±21.4)d、12.5%、(91.4±2.4)%，两组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。另外治疗组水肿评分、疼痛评分、中重度感染发生率均低于对照组，两组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。rh-aFGF治疗主要不良反应为轻度瘙痒。结论：重组人酸性成纤维细胞生长因子可加速创面愈合，减轻手术后并发症，减少感染发生。
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