血液透析患者深静脉置管术后感染的回顾性研究

摘要

Objective:To discuss the related risk factors in hemodialysis patients so as to reduce the incidence of deep venous catheter-related infections. Method:A retrospectively analysis was conducted on the 311 cases of hemodialysis patients with deep vein catheter in our hospital from 2010 to 2015,all the data were statistically analyzed with the use of SPSS 13.0 software.Result:The infection rate was 14.20%(48 cases) in 338 cases,while local infections of the puncture site were 35 cases,accounting for 72.92%,infections of blood were 13 cases,accounting for 27.08%.Most of which were gram-negative bacterium,accounting for 49.12%.Catheterization time,catheter site of femoral vein were high risk factors of the infection,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion:Vascular access is the lifeline of maintenance hemodialysis patients.The studies about the risk factors may have great significance in reducing the incidence of infections.%目的：探讨导致血液透析患者深静脉置管发生感染的易感因素，进而降低深静脉置管感染的发生率。方法：回顾性分析笔者所在医院2010-2015年共计311例深静脉置管血液透析患者的资料，采用SPSS 13.0统计软件进行分析，分析置管感染的发生率及其易感因素。结果：338例次穿刺置管患者，感染发生率为14.20%(48例次)，其中穿刺部位感染占72.92％(35例次)，血培养阳性占27.08%(13例次)，以革兰阳性菌为主，占49.12%。置管部位的选择与导管留置时间的长短是导致感染发生率差异的主要因素，差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论：血管通路是维持血透患者的生命线，针对易感因素进行干预对降低深静脉置管感染发生具有重要意义。