喉罩全麻复合局麻在非洲妇女短小手术中的应用

摘要

目的：观察喉罩全麻复合局部麻醉在非洲妇女短小手术中的应用。方法：选择年龄16~45岁预行短小手术的非洲妇女60例，随机分为喉罩全麻复合局麻组(A组)和单纯气管插管全麻组(B组)，每组30例。观察记录麻醉前、置入喉罩/气管导管前后及术后拔除时的平均动脉压(MAP)、心率(HR)和SpO2及苏醒时间、术后舒适情况及不良反应情况。结果：MAP、HR和SpO2在两组间麻醉前和置入前比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)，置入喉罩(气管导管)后及术后拔除时A组MAP、HR的数值明显低于B组(P<0.05)，苏醒时间A组明显短于B组(P<0.05)，术后舒适例数A组明显多于B组(P<0.05)，术后体动、咽喉痛、呛咳的发生率A组也明显低于B组(P<0.05)。结论：喉罩全麻复合局麻在患者诱导期和苏醒期拥有更加平稳的血流动力学，且苏醒时间明显短，术后不良反应发生率明显低，术后舒适度也明显高，是非洲妇女短小手术一种较为理想的麻醉方法。%Objective:To observe the application effect of general anaethesia via laryngeal mask airway combined with local anaesthesia in African women undergoing little operations.Method:Sixty 16 to 45 years-old women undergoing little operations were randomly divided into general anaesthesia via laryngeal mask airway group(group A) and single general anaesthesia via tracheal tube group(group B),each group including 30 cases.Mean arterial pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),SpO2,waking-up time,postoperative comfortable level and adverse reaction were recorded before anaesthesia,before and after insertion of laryngeal mask airway(LMA) or tracheal tube(TT) and after removal of LMA or TT.Result:There were no significant differences in MAP,HR and SpO2 between two groups before anaesthesia and insertion of LMA or TT(P>0.05).The MAP and HR values in the group A were significantly lower than those in the group B after insertion and removal of LMA or TT(P<0.05).The mean waking-up time in group A was significantly shorter than that in group B(P<0.05).The cases of postoperative comfortable in group A were significantly more than those in group B(P<0.05).The incidence of postoperative agitation,sore throat,bucking in group A were significantly lower than that in group B(P<0.05).Conclusion:The general anesthesia via laryngeal mask airway combined with local anaethesia have more stable homodynamics during the induction of anaethesia and period of waking-up and with shorter recovery time,lower incidence of postoperative adverse reactions,and higher level of postoperative comfort.General anaesthesia via laryngeal mask airway combined with local anaethesia is an ideal mothod for African women undergoing little operations.