原发性高血压患者饮食结构与心血管病危险因素分析

摘要

目的：分析原发性高血压患者饮食结构与心血管病危险因素。方法：按饮食结构将原发性高血压患者402例分为素食组、肉食组及平衡组，比较3组身高、体重、腰围及血脂水平。结果：肉食组与平衡组的体重指数及腰围均明显高于素食组，差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。平衡组体重指数及腰围均明显低于肉食组，差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。肉食组甘油三酯明显高于素食组，高密度脂蛋白胆固醇明显低于素食组，差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。平衡组甘油三酯明显低于肉食组，高密度脂蛋白胆固醇明显高于肉食组，差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。吸烟史、性别、糖尿病病史、高血压病史及膳食结构等是高密度脂蛋白胆固醇的独立影响因素。年龄、性别、膳食结构及体重指数是腰围的独立影响因素。结论：膳食结构与原发性高血压患者肥胖的患病率具有明显的相关性，食用蔬菜及水果等可有效改善患者高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平等。%Objective:To analyze the cardiovascular disease risk factors and diet structure in patients with primary hypertension. Methods:According to the diet structure,402 cases of patients with primary hypertension were divided into the vegetarian group, the carnivorous group and the balanced group.The height,weight and waist circumference and blood lipid levels of the three groups were compared.Results:The body mass index and waist circumference in the carnivorous group and the balance group were significantly higher than thosse of the vegetarian group,and he differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The body mass index and waist circumference in the balance group were significantly higher than those of the carnivorous group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The triglyceride of the carnivorous group was significantly higher than that of the vegetarian group;high density lipoprotein cholesterol was significantly lower than that of the vegetarian group;the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The triglyceride of the balance group was significantly lower than that of the carnivorous group;high density lipoprotein cholesterol was significantly higher than that of the carnivorous group;the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Smoking history,gender,diabetes history,hypertension history and diet structure were independent factors of high density lipoprotein cholesterol.Age,gender,diet structure and body mass index were independent factors of waist circumference.Conclusion:The diet structure and the prevalence of obesity in patients with primary hypertension had obvious relevance.Eating vegetables and fruits could improve the high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels of patients effectively.