冰球守门员心理训练模式的构建

摘要

The goalkeeper is the core in ice hockey competition .Psychological changes of the goalkeeper in competition often determines the performance of the whole ice hockey team on the rink and has a decisive in-fluence on the results.Improving psychological quality is the precondition which guarantees goalkeepers ’ normal or extraordinary performance of sports skills in competition , is also the necessary way to perfect the ice hockey training system and strength athletes ’ performance.This paper discusses the important value of psychological training on ice hockey goalkeepers from the following aspects:improving ice hockey goalkeep-ers’ psychological pressure, keeping a high degree attention, enhancing the strain and response speed and controlling competition motions.It should pay attention to individual differences and the theory cognition lev-el, follow the step-by-step training concept and be targeted to effect the psychology on the goalkeeper in the construction of psychological training mode of ice hockey goalkeeper .And it proposes to start from devel-oping coaches to master basic psychological knowledge and methods , holding on long-term and short-term psychological training combined, with various psychological training methods to construct psychological train-ing mode of ice hockey goalkeeper .%　　守门员在冰球运动中具有核心的作用，守门员比赛中心理变化情况往往决定了整支冰球队在场上的表现，对比赛成绩具有决定性的影响。提高守门员的心理素质是保证守门员在比赛中能正常或超常发挥运动技能的前提条件，也是完善冰球运动训练体系，增强运动员临场表现的必要途径。从改善守门员心理承压能力，保持高度注意力，提高应变反应速度，控制比赛情绪等几个方面论述了心理训练对冰球守门员的重要价值。提出冰球守门员心理训练模式构建中应注意个体差异与理论认知的水平，遵循循序渐进的训练理念，要有针对性地对守门员施以心理影响；并从培养教练掌握基础的心理知识与方法入手，坚持长期心理训练与短期心理训练相结合、多种心理训练手段相结合构建冰球守门员心理训练模式。