短道速滑运动员膝关节损伤机理及预防

摘要

保护好短道速滑运动员膝关节，预防短道速滑运动员膝关节运动损伤的发生是提高短道速滑运动成绩的有效手段之一。通过对短道速滑运动项目特点进行分析，认为膝关节结构、训练量与训练强度过大、技术不正确、心理因素等是诱发膝关节运动性损伤的主要原因；提出避免过多屈伸跳跃练习、保持训练和比赛的平衡、坚持正确技术动作、加强对运动员心理因素的培养、加强对膝关节的保护和具备较强的安全意识等预防措施，为短道速滑运动训练提供理论参考。%Protecting short track speed skaters’knee-joints,preventing sports injury of skaters’knee-joints is an effective way of improving the performance of short track speed skating. By analyzing the characteristics of short track speed skating,the paper thinks the main reason which causes knee-joints sports injury is the structure of knee-joints,training and training strength is too much,technology is not correct and psychological factors;Prevention measures are proposed to avoid too many flexion jumping exercises,keep the balance of training and competition consist on right technical movements, strengthen the training of skaters’psychological factors,protect knee-joints and have a strong sense of safety,and provide a theoretical reference for the training of short track speed skating.