不同灌溉模式对日光温室西瓜产量和品质的影响

摘要

为探究适宜中国西北地区日光温室西瓜稳产优质栽培的灌溉模式，以武威市当地传统灌溉模式为对照，设置了两个处理：T1，控制各个生育期不同的土壤相对含水率下限、上限；T2，仅控制土壤相对含水率上限，研究西瓜产量和品质对不同灌溉模式的响应。结果表明：在3个茬口的栽培中，在伸蔓期和成熟期控制土壤相对含水率下限（70%、65%）可在不显著降低西瓜产量的同时显著提高水分利用效率，与对照相比，控制土壤相对含水率下限和上限的 T1处理全年水分利用效率提高了21.85%；同时，控制土壤相对含水率能够明显提高西瓜主要风味物质可溶性糖的含量。%In order to explore the suitable cultivation and irrigation pattern for producing watermelon〔Ci-trullus lanatus(Thunb.)Matsum. et Nakai〕with stable yield and superior quality in Northwest China greenhouse, this study took the local traditional irrigation experience as the contrast,and set up the following 2 treatments:T1 controlling the various growth stages for the lower limit and the upper limit of soil relative moisture contents;T2 controlling the upper limit of soil relative moisture content. These 2 treatments were used to study the responses of watermelon yield and quality to different irrigation patterns. The results showed that during stretch tendril and maturing periods,controlling the lower limit(70%,65%)of soil relative moisture content could significantly improve water use efficiency whithout distinquishly reducing watermelon yield. By controlling the lower limit and the upper limit of soil relative moisture contents,the water use efficiency increased 21.85% than the contrast. At the same time,controlling soil relative moisture content could significantly improve the content of soluble sugar content,which was the major substance affecting watermelon flavor.