不同异氰酸酯并用对聚氨酯弹性体性能的影响

摘要

The polyurethane elastomer ( PU ) was prepared by two-step method with ,3'-dichloro^,4'-diaminodiphenyl methane(MOCA) or 1,4-butanediol (BDO) as chain extender, and the effects of blending diisocyanates, such as toluene diisocyanate ( TDI) and methylene diphenyl diisocyanate ( MDI) on the mechanical properties, abrasion resistance, water resistance and heat resistance of PU were investigated. The results showed that the mechanical properties of PU prepared with TDI-100/MDI-100/MOCA was better than those with TDI-100/MOCA and MDI-100/BDO. With increasing the mass ratio of TDI-80 to TDI-100, the Shore A hardness of PU increased slightly, elongation at break decreased, and abrasion resistance improved. When the mass ratio of TDI-100 to MDI-100 was 1/2, PU had better mechanical properties, water resistance and heat resistance.%以3,3’-二氯-4,4’-二苯基甲烷二胺(MOCA)或1,4-丁二醇(BDO)为扩链剂,采用两步法合成了聚氨酯弹性体(PU),考察了不同异氰酸酯[甲苯二异氰酸酯( TDI)、二苯基亚甲基二异氰酸酯(MDI)]并用体系对PU物理机械性能、耐磨性、耐水性及耐热性能的影响.结果表明,TDI - 100/MOCA体系、MDI - 100/BDO体系与TDI - 100/MDI - 100/MOCA并用体系相比较,并用体系所制得PU的物理机械性能较优异；TDI - 80/TDI - 100并用体系中随着TDI - 80并用比的增加,PU的硬度稍有提高,扯断伸长率下降,耐磨性有所改善；当TDI - 100/MDI - 100并用比为1/2时,PU的物理机械性能、耐水性及耐热性能较好.