人参糖肽结合耐力运动对糖尿病大鼠降血糖作用及其机制研究

摘要

目的：探讨人参糖肽（GGP ）结合耐力运动对链脲佐菌素（STZ ）糖尿病大鼠降血糖作用及其机制。方法：采用高脂饲料喂养4周后再腹腔注射STZ的方法，建立2型糖尿病大鼠模型。将成模大鼠按血糖值随机分为模型对照组（C组）、耐力运动组（E组）、GGP 80 mg/kg组（G组）、GGP 80 mg/kg＋耐力运动组（GE组），将同批未经上述处理的大鼠作为正常对照组（N组），每组10只大鼠，E组与GE组进行4周的中、小强度的跑步训练，耐力运动相当于50％痹VO2 max ，期间G组与GE组每天按80 mg/kg皮下注射给药，N组与C组皮下注射同体积生理盐水，每天1次，连续4周。每笼1只，每周称量体质量、进食量、饮水量、排尿量、测血糖1次，末次训练和给药结束后，禁食12 h ，乙醚麻醉，取肝组织测肝糖原；腹主动脉取血，检测STZ糖尿病大鼠血清中血糖（GLU）、胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、糖化血红蛋白（GHb）、乳酸（LA ）、乳酸脱氢酶（LDH ）、胰岛素（INS ）、C 肽（C-P ）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、丙二醛（MDA）、谷胱甘肽（GSH）、肿瘤坏死因子（TNF-α）、游离脂肪酸（FFA）及一氧化氮（NO ）水平。结果：N组大鼠体质量增长明显高于C组（ P＜0．05或 P＜0．001），进食量、饮水量、排尿量均明显低于 C组（ P＜0．05或 P＜0．001），与 N组比较，C组 GLU、TC、TG 、FFA、TNF-α、NO、MDA、LA及GHb明显升高（P＜0．05或 P＜0．01），INS、C-P、SOD、GSH及LDH水平则明显降低（ P＜0．05或 P＜0．01）。C组、E组、G组和 GE组大鼠体质量增长和进食量组间比较均无明显差异（P＞0．05）。与C组比较，E组大鼠饮水量和尿量有降低趋势，但无统计学差异（P＞0．05）；G组和 GE组大鼠饮水量和尿量明显降低（P＜0．05或 P＜0．01）；E组大鼠 GHb明显降低（ P＜0．05），其他指标均无统计学差异（ P＞0．05）；G组GLU、TG及GHb明显降低（P＜0．05），INS、C-P、SOD、GSH及LDH水平则明显升高（ P＜0．05或 P＜0．01），其他指标无统计学差异（P＞0．05）；GE组 GLU、TC、TG 、FFA、TNF-α、NO、MDA、LA及GHb明显降低（ P＜0．05或 P＜0．01），INS、C-P、SOD、GSH及LDH水平则明显升高（ P＜0．05或 P＜0．01）。结论：GGP可明显降低STZ糖尿病大鼠血糖水平，具有改善糖尿病大鼠糖脂代谢和各种并发症及抑制胰岛素抵抗等作用，GGP结合耐力运动对STZ糖尿病大鼠的作用优于单纯给予GGP和耐力运动。%Objective :To study the hypoglycemic effect and mechanism of the Ginseng Glycopep-tide(GGP ) combined endurance exercise on diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin (STZ ) . Method :The model of type 2 diabetic rats was induced by high-fat diet feeding for 4 weeks combined with intravenous injection of streptozotocin(STZ) .Then the rats without above-men-tioned treatment were selected as the normal control group ,the diabetic rats of 80 mg/kg .The model control rats were treated subcutaneous injection with saline for 4 weeks .The rats were fed with high fat diet for during treatment .Body weight ,capacity of take food ,capacity of drink water ,capacity of urinate ,and serum glucose concentration were measured every week . 12 hours after the last training ,glucose (Glu ) ,total cholesterol (TC ) ,triglyceride (TG ) ,gly-cated hemoglobin(GHb) ,lactic acid(LA) ,lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) ,serum insulin(INS) , C-peptide(C-P) ,superoxide dismutase (SOD ) ,malondialdehyde (MDA ) ,glutathione (GSH ) , tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) free fatty acid(FFA) ,and nitric oxide(NO) and Hepatic gly-cogen were determined .Result :the body weight of rats growth in group N was increased sig-nificantly than group C(P< 0 .05 or P< 0 .001) ,food intake ,water intake ,urine output was significantly lower than group C ( P< 0 .05 or P< 0 .001 ) ,Compared with the group N ,the level of GLU ,TC ,TG ,FFA ,TNF-α ,NO ,MDA ,LA and GHb were decreased significantly than group C(P< 0 .05 or P< 0 .01) ,the level of INS ,C-P ,SOD ,GSH and LDH were in-creased significantly(P<0 .05 or P< 0 .01) .The body weight of rats growth and food intake between the two groups showed no significant difference(P> 0 .05)of the group C ,group E , group G and group GE .Compared with the group C ,The drinking water and urine volume were decreasing tendency in rats of Group E ,but no significant difference(P> 0 .05) .The a-mount of drinking water and urine volume were significantly reduce group G and group GE(P<0 .05 or P< 0 .01) .The groups E of rats decreased significantly GHb(P< 0 .05) .There were no significant differences of other indexes(P> 0 .05) .The GLU ,TG and GHb were sig-nificantly lower(P< 0 .05) In group G ,the level of INS ,C-P ,SOD ,GSH and LDH increased significantly(P<0 .05 or P< 0 .01);the level of GLU ,TC ,TG ,FFA ,TNF- α ,NO ,MDA , LA and GHb were increased significantly ( P< 0 .05 or P< 0 .01 ) In group GE ,the level of INS ,C-P ,SOD ,GSH and LDH significantly lower(P< 0 .05 or P< 0 .01) .Conclusion :GGP can significantly decrease the level of blood glucose in diabetic rats induced by STZ .The Hypo-glycemic mechanism of diabetic rats induced by STZ was probably that promote the STZ dia-betic islet beta cell injury in rats ,promotion of insulin secretion ,improvement of insulin resist-ance and lipid metabolism disorder ,promote the liver glycogen synthesis of insulin-like effect and scavenging free radicals and anti lipid peroxidation and other relevant for .The GGP group plus endurance exercise group was better than the GGP group and endurance exercise group .