研究了水稻均衡营养肥对杂交稻生长发育的影响及养分吸收特性,以为精准施肥及秸秆还田养分循环利用提供必要的科学参数.结果表明,水稻均衡营养肥处理的株高、总粒数、实粒数、结实率、穗质量和产量均高于常规施肥处理,稻谷中的总钾、S6+和Fe2+含量均高于常规施肥处理,但总磷、Ca2+和Mg2+的含量低于常规施肥处理,总氮含量则基本相同;常规施肥处理的秸秆中总氮、总钾、Mg2+和S6+含量均高于水稻均衡营养肥处理,总磷、Ca2+和Fe2+含量基本相同.均衡营养肥处理氮、 磷、 钾利用率分别为67.8%、60.0%和95.5%,农民常规施肥处理分别为32.3%、86.0%和>100%.可见,水稻均衡营养肥能均衡的为杂交稻生长提供必需的养分,大幅度提高肥料利用率.%In order to provide necessary scientific parameters for precise fertilization and nutrient recycling of rice straw incorporation, the effects of balanced nutrition fertilizer on the growth and nutrient up-taking characteristics of hybrid rice were studied in this pa-per. The results showed that the plant height, total grains, filled grains, seed setting rate, panicle weight yield, total K, S 6+ and Fe2+ in grains of the balanced nutrition fertilizer treatment were higher, compared with the conventional fertilization treatment. But total P, Ca 2+and Mg2+ in grains and total N, total K, Mg2+ and S6+ in straw were lower compared with the conventional fertilization treatment. Total N in grains and total P, Ca2+ and Fe2+ in straw of the two treatments were similar. The utilization rate of N, P and K of the balanced nutri-tion fertilizer treatment were 67.8%, 60.0% and 95.5%, while those of the conventional fertilization treatment were 32.3%, 86.0% and>100%. Rice balanced nutrition fertilizer could provide the necessary nutrients for the growth of hybrid rice, and greatly improved the utilization rate of fertilizer.
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