经支气管镜针吸活检在纵隔及支气管管腔外病变中的临床研究

摘要

目的：探讨经支气管镜针吸活检在纵隔及支气管管腔外病变中的应用效果。方法回顾性分析因 CT 检查发现纵隔/肺内结节、肿块、肺不张、阻塞性炎症等62例患者的临床资料。所有患者均经支气管镜针吸活检检查。比较经支气管镜针吸活检、镜下刷检以及灌洗辅助检查等不同取材方法获得的阳性率。结果经支气管镜针吸活检共有54例获得阳性结果，阳性率为87.1%；支气管镜下活检共有7例获得阳性结果，阳性率为11.3%；支气管镜下刷检检查9例获得阳性结果，阳性率为14.5%；支气管镜下肺泡灌洗6例获得阳性结果，阳性率为9.7%。支气管镜针吸活检在纵隔、支气管管腔外病变诊断中的阳性诊断率显著高于支气管镜下刷检、病理活检、肺泡灌洗等辅助检查(P<0.05)。结论经支气管镜针吸活检能够显著提高纵隔、支气管管腔外病变的阳性诊断率。%Objective To investigate application effect by transbronchial needle aspiration in mediastinum and extra bronchial lesions. Methods A retrospective analysis was made on clinical data of 62 patients with mediastinum/pulmonary module, lump, pulmonary atelectasis, and obstructive inflammation detected by CT examination. All patients received transbronchial needle aspiration for comparison of positive rates by transbronchial needle aspiration, bronchoscopic brush biopsy, and lavage examination. Results Transbronchial needle aspiration showed 54 positive cases, with positive rate as 87.1%; bronchoscopic biopsy showed 7 positive cases, with positive rate as 11.3%; bronchoscopic brush biopsy showed 9 positive cases, with positive rate as 14.5%; bronchoscopic alveolus lavage showed 6 positive cases, with positive rate as 9.7%. Transbronchial needle aspiration had obviously higher positive rate in diagnosis of mediastinum and extra bronchial lesions than bronchoscopic brush biopsy, pathological biopsy and alveolus lavage (P<0.05). Conclusion Transbronchial needle aspiration can remarkably improve positive diagnosis rate of mediastinum and extra bronchial lesions.