The issue of climate change caused by the excessive use of fossil fuels has challenged the whole world and also aroused the interest of the economic circle. The paper reviews the relevant latest foreign researches on climate change and elaborates the focus of controversy as well as the direction of follow-up researches. Different scholars, including "radicals" represented by Stern, "Conservatives" represented by Nordhaus and Weitzman as well as the so-called "Comprehensive" represented by Acemoglu, have proposed various climate policies based on various assumptions and model settings. At present there are disputes on the optimal climate change policies and the key problems lie in the settings of time preference and utility function, uncertainty on future damage to global wanning as well as the consideration of directed technical change and so on. There are still plenty of unsolved problems in the economic analysis of climate change, such as the empirical validation of time preference, to better characterize the uncertainty of climate change, to set a more reasonable multi-country model with endogenous directed technical change to analyze the coordination of national climate policies and so on.%化石燃料的过度使用引起的气候变化问题成为全球面临的共同挑战,也逐渐成为经济学界的研究热点.本文围绕气候变化问题对国外经济学界的相关最新研究进行了梳理与回顾,并对不同研究争议的焦点以及后续研究方向进行了阐述.不同学者基于不同的假设条件和模型设定,得出了不同的气候政策主张；其中主要包括以Stem为代表的“激进派”,以Nordhaus、Weitzman为代表的“保守派”及以Acemoglu为代表的“综合派”.当前对于气候变化的政策主张仍存在较大分歧,其核心原因主要在于对时间偏好、效用函数的设定、对气候变暖未来损害的不确定性的处理以及对导向性技术变迁的考量等方面.目前关于气候变化的经济学分析仍存在较多待解决的问题,如对时间偏好进行经验验证,更好地刻画气候变化的不确定性,引入内生的导向性技术变迁来建立更合理的多国模型以分析各国气候政策的协调等.
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