To discuss the relevant risk factors of antibiotic-associated colitis (AAC) and provide objective basis for formulating measures to prevent AAC. METHODS: Of the total of 3 520 patients who received antibiotics in our hospital during 2007～2008, those with AAC were assigned to trial group and those without AAC to control group. The factors that might influence AAC were subjected to single-factor analysis and Logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Of the total 3 520 patients, AAC was noted in 190 patients (5.4%). Through single-factor analysis, 10 factors were found to be associated with AAC; and through non-conditional Logistic model analysis, the following 6 major risk factors were found to be associated with AAC, i .e., older age, fasting, severe cases, using numerous kinds of antibiotics, long-term use of antibiotics and use of antacid. CONCLUSION: AAC are associated with multiple factors, but its incidence can be prevented or reduced through rational use of antibiotics, monitoring on elder cases, supplement of probiotics, early enteral nutrition and food intake, control of the medication duration of antacids, reduction of invasive operation for the severe cases and avoiding frequent change of antibiotics, etc.%目的:探讨引起抗生素相关性肠炎(AAC)相关因素,为制定针对性预防措施提供客观依据.方法:在2007～2008年我院住院应用抗生素的3 520例患者中,以从C者作为观察组,无AAC者作为对照组,对可能影响AAC因素进行单因素分析与Lo-gistic回归分析.结果:3 520例患者中,发生AAC 190例,发生率为5.4%;单因素分析筛选出10个因素与AAC有关,非条件Logistic模型分析筛选出6个主要危险因素:年龄大、禁食、病重、抗生素种类多、抗生素应用时间长、抗酸剂应用.结论:AAC发生与多种因素有关,通过合理使用抗生素、加强对老年患者的监测、补充益生菌、早期肠内营养或进食、控制抗酸剂应用时间、对危重症者减少侵袭性操作、避免频繁更换抗生素等来预防和减少AAC发生.
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