目的:探讨药源性皮疹(药疹)的发生情况.方法:采用描述性研究方法对1999年4月至2012年3月我院609例药疹病例进行回顾性分析.结果:609例药疹病例中,女性多于男性,男女之比为1∶1.31;单一用药为514例,合并用药为95例;药疹程度轻度为159例,中度为443例,重度为7例;经积极抗过敏治疗501例,未进行特殊处理108例;609例药疹全部治愈;因果关系评定为“肯定”3例,“很可能”458例,“可能”148例;609例药疹涉及可疑的致敏药物98种,其中抗菌药物发生率占65.35％,其次为中药制剂和中枢神经系统药,分别占15.44％、8.37％;药疹的类型以发疹型药疹最多,占47.95％,其次为荨麻疹型药疹和多形红斑型药疹,分别占30.71％、15.44％.结论:临床对药疹应引起高度重视.对有过敏史的患者应提高警惕,合理用药,以减少药疹的发生.%OBJECTIVE: To investigate the occurrence of drug-induced skin rash (drug rash). METHODS: By descriptive study, 609 cases of drug rash in our hospital from Apr. 1999 to Mar. 2012 were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS: Among 609 cases of drug rash, male cases was less than female cases with the ratio of 1:1.31; there were 514 single medication cases and 95 combined medication cases; there were 159 mild cases, 443 moderate cases and 7 severe cases; 501 cases were symptomatically treated, 108 cases were not given special treatment; 609 patients were all fully recovered; in the cause-effect relationship assessment, there were 3 certain cases, 458 probable cases and 148 possible cases; 98 drugs were suspected of drug-induced skin rash in 609 cases; the anti-infective drug rash accounted for 65.35% ; drug rash induced by TCM preparation and central nervous system drugs accounted for 15.44% and 8.37% respectively; exanthematic eruption accounted for 47.95% , followed by urticaria eruption and erythema multiforme, accounting for 30.71% and 15.44% respectively. CONCLUSIONS:Great improtance should be attached to the drug rash. In order to reduce the occurrence of the drug rash, drugs should be used in a rational way, especially for the patients with allergic history.
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