桃仁-大黄药对在中药方剂中发挥功效的相关因素分析

摘要

目的:研究桃仁-大黄药对在中药方剂中发挥功效的相关因素,揭示桃仁-大黄药对的配伍环境、常用配比、炮制品种、剂型等基本规律.方法:以彭怀仁主编的《中华医方精选辞典》为资料来源,收集含桃仁-大黄药对的方剂142首,建立数据库,归类统计桃仁-大黄药对配伍使用的药物分类、常用配比、炮制品种、剂型等,总结桃仁-大黄药对发挥功效的相关因素.结果:桃仁-大黄药对的功效可归纳为6个方面11个作用方向,包括活血化瘀(活血止痛、破血消癥、活血通经、破血逐瘀)、消痈解毒(清肠泻肺、消痈排脓、消疮解毒)、泄热通便、温阳散寒、健脾养胃和舒筋活血.桃仁-大黄药对主要与行气消瘀、破血通经、活血逐瘀、泄热逐瘀类中药相配伍.桃仁-大黄药对的配比为1:8~4:1,发挥活血化瘀功效时的配比为1:8~3:1;常用炮制品以生桃仁、熟大黄为主;常用的剂型主要有汤、丸、散3种.结论:配伍环境、配比、炮制品种、剂型等皆能对桃仁-大黄药对功效的发挥产生影响,其中尤以配伍环境为主.%OBJECTIVE:To study the influential factors related to efficacy of Peach kernel-Rheum palmatum couplet medi-cines in TCM formula,and to reveal the general regularity of compatibility environment,common ratio,processing variety and dosage forms of P. kernel-R. palmatum couplet medicines. METHODS:Using Chinese Medical Prescription Selected Dictionary ed-ited by Peng Huairen as data source,142 formulas of P. kernel-R. palmatum couplet medicines were collected. By establishing data-base,compatibility types of P. kernel-R. palmatum couplet medicines,as well as common ratio,processed prodact,dosage form were classified statistically. The influential factors related to efficacy of P. kernel-R. palmatum couplet medicines with different pro-portions were summarized. RESULTS:The efficacy of P. kernel-R. palmatum couplet medicines could be divided into 6 aspects and 11 roles,including activating blood circulation to dissipate blood stasis(activating blood to relieve pain,promoting blood circula-tion to eliminate disease,activating blood to promote menstruation,breaking stagnant and eliminating blood stasis),eliminating carbuncle and detoxicating(cleaning intestine and clearing away the pathogenic heat of lung,eliminating carbuncle and expelling pus,eliminating sore and detoxicating),expelling the pathogenic heat to loosen the bowels,warming yang for dispelling cold,forti-fying the spleen and nourishing the stomach,relaxing tendon and activating blood. The compatibility environment of P. kernel-R. pal-matum couplet medicines were mainly compatible with TCM for activating qi to eliminate stasis,activating blood to promote menstru-ation,breaking stagnant and eliminating blood stasis,expelling the pathogenic heat to expel stasis. The ratio of P. kernel to R. palma-tum ranged 1 : 8-4 : 1,and the ratio ranged 1 : 8-3 : 1 when performing the role of actirating blood circalation to dissipate blood stasis. Common processed products were crude P. kernel and prepared R. palmatum. Common dosage forms were mainly decoction,pill and powder. CONCLUSIONS:Compatibility environment,ratio,processing varieties,dosage forms influence the effects of P. kernel-R. palmatum couplet medicines,especially compatibility environment.