Objective To promote the rational use of antimicrobial drugs in the children patients with upper respiratory tract infection. Methods 943 pediatric outpatients with upper respiratory tract infection were randomly sampled from a 3A hospital and performed the statistical survey on the rate with antimicrobial drugs use, drug administration modes, drug categories and combination use in different age groups. Results The rates of antimicrobial drugs use in different age groups were 75.36% in 0-6 months, 80. 36% in 6-12 months, 73. 89% in 1 -2 years,77. 50% in 2-3 years,92. 86% in 3-7 years and 86. 72% above 7 years,average 83. 03%.The drug administration modes were oral administration 91. 44% ), intramuscular administration( 2. 55% ) and intravenous injection( 6. 00% ). The drug categories were mainly cephalosporins(74. 71% ) and penicillins(20. 05% ). The two-drug combination use rate was 10. 34%. Conclusion The antimicrobial drugs should be rationally used in upper respiratory tract infection according to physiological and pathological situation of pediatric outpatients.%目的 促进儿科上呼吸道感染患儿抗菌药物的合理用药.方法 随机调查某三甲医院儿科门诊上呼吸道感染患儿943例,调查统计其抗菌药物的使用率、给药方式、药物类别、联合用药情况.结果 各年龄段患儿抗菌药物使用率,0～6个月为75.36%,6～12个月为80.36%,1～2岁为73.89%,2～3岁为77.50%,3～7岁为92.86%,7岁以上为86.72%,平均83.03%;给药方式,口服给药占91.44%,肌肉注射给药占2.55%,静脉注射给药占6.00%;抗菌药物使用类别多为青霉素类及头孢菌素类,头孢类占74.71%,青霉素类占20.05%;二联用药率为10.34%.结论 对于上呼吸道感染患儿,临床应注意根据患儿生理病理特点合理使用抗菌药物.
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