目的：通过分析医院儿童用药不良反应（ADR）的发生特点，为临床合理用药提供参考和建议。方法采用回顾性调查分析方法，对医院2013年6月至12月在门诊注射室和儿科病房收治的102例12岁以下儿童ADR报表进行统计分析。结果儿童ADR以0~3岁发生最多（57.84%）；引发ADR的药品中，共涉及药物品种20种，头孢菌素类和大环内酯类药物占ADR报告总数的84.31%，其次是中成药针剂，占总数的12.75%；发生ADR头孢菌素类抗生素以头孢米诺、头孢西丁和头孢孟多酯钠为主；ADR累及皮肤及其附件损害最多；静脉滴注给药引起的ADR最多（94.12%）；在102例ADR的报告中，报告者以护士为主，上报78例（76.47%）；所有ADR经相应处理后均好转或恢复正常。结论临床应加强ADR监测与上报工作，促进临床合理用药。%Objective To analyze the characteristics of children drug adverse reaction in our hospital,in order to provide a reference for clinical treatment of children. Methods In the retrospective study,a total of 102 cases of ADRs in children who under 12 years old from June 2013 to december 2013 were analyzed. Results Most ADR occurred in young children from zero to three years old,account-ing for 57. 84%. Among 102 cases of ADR,a total of 20 categories were involved,among which antibiotic drugs took the lead ( 84. 31%) , and next was Chinese medicine Injection ( 12. 75%) . The drug which caused most ADR was cefoxitin,cefamandole nafate and cefminox. Skin and its accessories damage accounted for the highest percentage of ADR of drugs. Most ADR occurred in intravenous,ac-counting for 94. 12%. Among 102 cases of ADR,78 ADR cases were reported by nurse. All ADRs were improved or cured after treat-ment. Conclusions In order to ensure the safe,effective and rational administration of children in the clinic,the consciousness of the ADR should be strengthened,should use drug rationally and as much as possible to avoid or reduce ADR incidence.
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