根据科斯定理，市场可以在政府不干预的情况下以有效方式消除温室气体污染的外部性。碳交易成本的大小对碳排放交易机制能否起作用有重要影响。碳交易平台对交易成本中的交易费用有直接影响，对交易成本中的管理成本和机会成本有一定程度的影响，对交易成本中的监测、报告和核查成本基本没有影响。交易平台可以从结构性和市场性两方面影响交易成本。% Coase Theorem tells us that the market could resolve the externality problem caused by pollutions in an efficient way if the pollution is a legal right and could be traded, which could be applied in greenhouse gas reduction. This thesis states that carbon trading costs have significant effects on transactions. In addition, carbon exchange platform has direct impacts on the transaction fees, including trading commissions, clearing fees, and agent commissions; it also has certain impacts on managerial costs and opportunity costs of the trading company; and it has no impacts on MRV costs. This thesis reaches the conclusion in the last section that carbon exchange platform could reduce trading costs through market structure and commercial perspectives, thus promoting the market transactions.
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