12株油茶种仁含油率及脂肪酸组成分析

摘要

测定名邛台地(四川省境内的名山、邛崃、蒲江一带)的12株野生油茶的产量和种仁含油率,采用气相色谱法(GC)对油茶籽油脂肪酸组成进行分析,并对主要脂肪酸组成间进行相关性分析.结果表明:不同油茶的产量和种仁含油率存在差异,单株产量为12.95 ～ 54.00 kg,种仁含油率为37.04％ ～45.56％;油茶籽油脂肪酸组成以油酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸、棕榈酸和硬脂酸为主;各脂肪酸含量之间存在密切的相关性,油酸与亚油酸、亚麻酸、棕榈酸呈极显著负相关,关系最密切的是油酸和亚油酸,其相关系数达到-0.829;根据产量、种仁含油率和脂肪酸组成筛选出的川雅31、川雅21、川雅28、川雅20可作为进一步培育优良品种的材料.%The yield and kernel oil content of twelve Camellia oleifera Abel.in Pujiang,Qionglai and Mingshan in Sichuan province were determined.The fatty acid composition of oil-tea camellia seed oil was analyzed by GC and the correlations between the main fatty acids were analyzed.The results showed that there were differences in yield and kernel oil content of twelve Camellia oleifera Abel.The yield per plant ranged from 12.95 kg to 54.00 kg,and the kernel oil content ranged from 37.04％ to 45.56％.The oil-tea camellia seed oil was mainly composed of oleic acid,linoleic acid,linolenic acid,palmitic acid and stearic acid.There were significant correlations among each component of fatty acid.An extremely negative correlation was observed between the contents of oleic acid and linoleic acid,linolenic acid and palmitic acid.The highest correlation coefficient was-0.829 between oleic acid and linoleic acid.According to the yield,kernel oil content and fatty acid composition,four high quality individuals including Chuanya 31,Chuanya 21,Chuanya 28 and Chuanya 20 could be regarded as fine varieties to be nurtured.