本文利用Deform-3D软件对20Cr钢进行径向挤压生产十字轴,通过改变坯料成形的影响因素:挤压速度、摩擦因数、温度等来分析成形后坯料的应力场、应变场、损伤及最大主应力的分布规律.结果表明:挤压速度为2m/s时,生产的挤压件性能更稳定.随着摩擦系数的增加,摩擦系数为0.7时其不变形区的应力应变明显增大,变形区的损伤值明显增大,性能变差.随着温度的升高,其等效应力、应变、最大主应力均明显降低,而损伤值增大.为了保证产品质量,更适合选用温挤压500C时.该工艺为实际径向挤压工艺过程提供精确的数据以供参考,从而改良工艺过程,为制作高性能的十字轴做铺垫.%The radial extrusion of cross shaft has been conducted to the 20Cr steel by use of Deform-3D software.The distribution rules of the stress field,strain field,the damage and the maximum principal stress of formed blank have been analyzed by changing the influence factors of blank forming process including extrusion speed,friction coefficient and temperature.The results show that the extruded parts are more stable when the extrusion speed is 2m/s;with the increase of friction coefficient,when the friction coefficient is 0.7,the stress and strain in the non-deformation zone increases obviously,and the damage value in deformation zone increases obviously with worse performance;with the increase of temperature,the equivalent stress,strain and maximum principal stress decrease obviously,while the damage value increases;in order to ensure the quality of products,it is more suitable for warm extrusion at 500 degrees centigrade.The process provides accurate data for the actual radial extrusion process for reference.Thus in this way,the process has been improved,which paves the way for the production of high-performance cross shaft.
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