通过单纯熏烟法建立慢性阻塞性肺疾病大鼠模型

摘要

Objective To establish the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) model in rats through simple fumigation method.Methods A total of 60 specific-pathogen-free Sprague Dawley rats were divided into blank group (10 cases) and COPD model group (50 cases) according to the random number table method.The blank group was normally fed,the COPD model group was treated with simple fumigation for 60 d to induce COPD.The general morphology and pathological morphology of rats were observed;levels of serum interleukin 10 (IL-10),tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) were analyzed.Results Rats in COPD model group appeared typical COPD symptoms of cough,expectoration and wheeze,some rats were observed transparent viscous liquid in mouths and noses;rats in blank group had no cough and expectoration.Serum TNF-oα level in COPD model group was significantly higher than that in blank group[(2.27 ±0.28)nmol/L vs (1.96 ± 0.06) nmol/L] (P ＜ 0.05).IL-10 and G-CSF levels had no significant differences between groups (P ＞0.05).Lung tissues of rats in COPD model group were observed typical pathological characteristics under microscope;rats in blank group showed normal lung tissue morphology.Conclusion Smoking is the most important pathogenic factor of COPD;COPD model can be successfully prepared through simple fumigation method in rats.%目的 通过单纯熏烟法建立慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)大鼠模型.方法 选取无特定病原体级健康Sprague Dawley大鼠60只,根据随机数字表法分为空白组(10只)和COPD造模组(50只).空白组正常饲养,无其他处置.COPD造模组采用单纯烟熏法处理60d建立COPD大鼠模型.观察2组大鼠的一般状态,比较血清白细胞介素10(IL-10)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、粒细胞落刺激因子(G-CSF)水平,观察肺组织病理形态学差异.结果 造模后,COPD造模组大鼠出现咳嗽、咳痰甚至喘息,部分大鼠口鼻出现大量透明黏性液体,均为COPD的典型症状;空白组大鼠无咳嗽、咳痰等相应症状.COPD造模组大鼠血清TNF-α表达水平明显高于空白组[(2.27±0.28) nmol/L比(1.96 ±0.06) nmol/L],差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).2组大鼠血清IL-10和G-CSF表达水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).COPD造模组大鼠肺组织镜下病理形态学观察可见典型COPD病理特征;空白组大鼠肺组织病理形态大致正常.结论 吸烟是COPD的最重要致病因素,通过单纯熏烟法可成功制备COPD大鼠模型.