番禺区大石街农村妇女乳腺癌患病率及乳腺癌预防知信行调查分析

摘要

目的：通过对番禺区大石街农村妇女的乳腺癌患病率及乳腺癌预防知信行的调查结果，分析番禺区农村妇女乳腺癌预防的现状及存在问题，为有关机构及部门如何制定对策，预防农村妇女乳腺癌的发生发展提供参考依据。方法采用随机整群抽样法，通过乳腺检查及乳腺癌预防知信行问卷调查的方式，调查番禺区大石街1428名农村妇女乳腺癌患病率及乳腺癌预防的知信行现状，回收有效问卷1420份。结果受调查者对乳腺癌的12项危险因素平均知晓率为42.25%，乳腺癌的5项征兆的平均知晓率为41.06%；对乳腺癌预防的3项态度调查，同意及非常同意的平均占89.74%，不一定及不同意的平均占10.26%；乳腺彩超或X线检查中从未检查的13.73%，定期检查的18.31%，乳腺自检中从未自检的37.75%、定期自检的仅0.99%；乳腺癌患病率为0.14%，其他乳腺疾病以乳腺增生和乳腺囊肿为主，患病率依次为29.44%、6.55%。结论番禺区大石街农村妇女对乳腺癌预防基本知识的知晓率低，约10%对乳腺癌预防持消极态度，乳腺定期检查率低，乳腺癌及其他乳腺疾病患病率较高。社区卫生服务机构及其主管部门应针对存在问题制定对策，有效防控农村妇女乳腺癌的发生发展。%Objective To analyze the current status and existing problems of breast cancer prevention among the rural women in Panyu District and provide reference to related authorities and departments on how to develop countermeasures and prevent the occurrence of breast cancer among rural women through investigating the prevalence rate of breast cancer and the knowledge, attitude and practice(KAP) of breast cancer prevention among the rural women in Dashi street of Panyu district. Methods Using the random cluster sampling method and through the breast examination and breast cancer prevention KAP questionnaire survey, the prevalence rate of breast cancer and the current KAP status of breast cancer prevention of 1428 rural women in Dashi street of Panyu district were investigated. A total of 1420 valid questionnaires were collected. Results The subjects'average awareness rate of 12 risk factors of breast cancer was 42.25%and their average awareness rate of 5 signs of breast cancer was 41.06%.As to the 3 items on the attitude to breast cancer prevention,agree and strongly agree accounted for 89.74%on average and disagree and strongly disagree accounted for 10.26%on average. In terms of breast color ultrasound or X-ray examination,13.73%has never checked and 18.31% checked regularly; In terms of breast self-inspection, 37.75% never inspected and 0.99% inspected regularly. The prevalence of breast cancer was 0.14% and the other breast diseases were mainly breast hyperplasia and galactoma, with a prevalence rate of 29.44% and 6.55% respectively. Conclusion The rural women's awareness rate of basic breast cancer prevention knowledge in Dashi Street of Panyu District is low and about 10%of them hold a negative attitude toward breast cancer prevention. The regular breast examination rate is low and the prevalence rates of breast cancer and other breast disease are relatively high.Community health service centers and their authorities should develop countermeasures based on the existing problems in order to effectively prevent the occurrence and development of breast cancer among rural women.