自从1948年Dalldorf在美国纽约州格林县的柯萨奇镇（Coxsackie New York）的患儿中发现并描述了一种后来被命名为柯萨奇病毒（Coxsackie virus）以来，直到1960 Alsop将由萨科奇病毒引起的疾病命名为手足口病（HFMD），随后在世界各地均发现存在手足口病的流行。我国于1980年首次报告手足口病，广西于1989年第一次发现并报告了该病，自2008年手足口病列为国家法定丙类传染病以来，广西对手足口病的病原体的基因型进行了详细的研究，结果显示其中肠道病毒71型（EV71）占41.70%，柯萨奇病毒A16型（CoxA16）阳性8.50%。同时证实广西分离的EV71与国内其他省流行的EV71流行株具有高度的同源性，同属于C4基因亚型C4b分支。资料显示手足口病在国内呈现自然流行消长趋势，尽管该病的疫苗研究取得了多方面的进展，但离现场应用仍然存在多方面的挑战。%Dalldorf found and described what was named Coxsackie virus later in the children of Coxsackie New York of America in 1948. The disease caused by Coxsackie virus was named as hand-foot-and-mouth disease(HFMD) by Alsop in 1960. Later the disease was found prevalent in different areas worldwide. China first reported HFMD in 1980 and Guangxi first discovered and reported this disease in 1989. Since HFMD was classified as a national legal class C infectious disease in 2008, Guangxi had studied the pathogen genotypes of HFMD in detail and found that enterovirus 71(EV71) accounted for 41.70% and coxsackievirus A16(CoxA16) accounted for 8.50%. Meanwhile, the EV71 separated in Guangxi was highly homologous with the EV71 strains prevalent in other provinces and both belonged to the C4b branch of C4 gene subtype. Data show that HFMD presents a growth and decline trend of natural prevalence. Although the study of HFMD vaccines has achieved extensive progress, but their field application is still facing multiaspect challenges.
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