先天性外中耳畸形的高分辨率CT表现

摘要

Objective To evaluate the value of clinical application of high-resolution computerized tomography (HRCT) in the diagnose of congenital malformations of the external and middle ear.Methods The imaging data of 40 congenital malformations of the external and middle ear patients with HRCT were collected and analyzed retrospectively.All the temporal bones were scanned with HRCT.All images were targeted using high-bone-detail algorithms.Results 13 cases of external ear abnormalities were found,including 1 case of accessory auricle,1 case of accessory with stenosis of external acoustic meatus,3 cases of stenosis of external acoustic meatus,5 cases of externai auditory canal bony atresia and 3 cases of external auditoer canal atresia film,8 cases of middle ear abnormalities,17 cases of external and middle ear malformation,2 cases of external,middle and inner ear malformation.Conclusion External ear malformation and middle ear malformation are usually unilateral,while enlargement of vestibular aqueduct is bilateral.Congenital atresia of external acoustic meatus is the most common type in the external ear malformation.HRCT can provide clear images of temporal bone and auditory ossicles,which help us diagnose the malformations of external ear,middle ear and osseous labyrinth.%目的 探讨不同类型的先天性外中耳畸形的高分辨率CT(HRCT)的诊断价值.方法 收集诊断为先天性外中耳畸形患者40例的影像学资料进行回顾性研究,所有患者均行HRCT扫描,骨算法成像.结果 在本研究的40例先天性外中耳畸形患者中,单纯外耳畸形13例,其中副耳1例,副耳合并外耳道狭窄1例,外耳道狭窄3例,外耳道骨性闭锁5例,外耳道膜性闭锁3例,单纯中耳畸形8例,外耳并中耳畸形17例,外耳、中耳及内耳混合畸形2例.结论 外耳畸形及中耳畸形单侧发病常见,外耳、中耳畸形常同时发生.外耳畸形中先天性外耳道闭锁常见,中耳畸形以听骨链异常常见.HRCT对骨质结构显示清晰,能够观察外耳、中耳畸形.