精神疾病社区防治康复的预警模式初探

摘要

当前,精神疾病的患病率呈上升趋势,且疾病具有高复发率、高致残率和突发性等特点,因此精神疾病社区综合防治康复面临着巨大挑战.为了完善精神疾病社区防治康复的应急体系,探索精神疾病社区综合干预新模式,上海徐汇试行建立了精神疾病社区防治康复的预警模式,依托精神疾病社区防治康复三级网络体系,从居委会、社区卫生服务机构和区(县)级精防机构三个层面,分别由社区信息员、社区医生和精防专业人员进行预警报告、分析和处置等综合干预.在社区精神病防治康复中,根据不同的情况可分四类进行预警报告和处置,主要包括疑似预警、复发先兆预警、复发报告和危险行为预警,旨在早发现、早报告、早识别和早干预.%The prevalence of mental disorders on the rise, wilh high relapse rate, high disability rate and the sudden characteristics. Therefore, the community-based comprehensive rehabilitation of mental disorders face huge challenges. Inorder to improve the emergency system of the community—based rehabilitation of mental disorders, exploring new model of comprehensive intervention, the early warning model was established, relying on the three-level network system of community—based rehabilitation of mental disorders in Xuhui District of Shanghai. The early—warning information was reported, analysed and disposed by the rapporteurs, the community and district medical staffs and psychiatric professionals respectively. According to different circumstances, the early-warning information was divided into four categories, including suspected early warning, harbinger recurrence of early warning, recurrent reports and the early warning of risk behavior, aimed at early detection, early reporting, early identification and early intervention.