健康教育对阳江市水产行业女性从业人员性与生育健康知识及行为的影响

摘要

Objective To investigate the effect of health education on sexual and reproductive health knowledge and behavior of aquaculture industry female practitioners in Yangjiang City. Methods 329 cases of female staffs of a large aquatic product company in Yangjiang City in September 2014 were selected as the research objects, and the samples were obtained by the method of stratified sampling. According to the health education method, respondents were divid-ed into two groups. The control group of 160 cases were given traditional health education method. The experimental group of 169 cases were given medical staffs and community joint health education intervention. The knowledge of sex-ual and reproductive health and AIDS, treatment and medical expenses were compared between the two groups. Results After health education intervention, sexual and reproductive health related knowledge of experimental group was signif-icantly better than before intervention and after intervention of the control group (all P< 0.05). After intervention, the correct answer rates of AIDS prevention knowledge in experimental group were significantly higher than before inter-vention and after intervention of the control group (all P<0.05). After intervention, the community outpatient rate in-creased, and third grade class A hospital outpatient rate reduced, compared with before intervention and after interven-tion of the control group, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). After intervention, the medical expense of experimental group was significantly lower than before intervention and after intervention of the control group (all P<0.05). Conclusion Health education intervention can improve sexual and reproductive health knowledge level and regu-late behavior of female staffs.%目的：探讨健康教育对阳江市水产行业女性从业人员性与生育健康知识及行为的影响。方法选择2014年9月阳江市某大型水产公司从业女性329名为研究对象，通过分层抽样的方法获得样本。根据健康教育方法不同将调查对象分为两组。对照组160名沿用传统的健康教育方法，实验组169名采用医护人员和社区联合健康教育干预。比较两组女性性与生育健康相关知识、艾滋病知识掌握情况及就诊和医药费用情况。结果实验组健康教育干预后性与生育健康相关知识掌握情况明显高于同组干预前和对照组干预后，且差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)；实验组干预后艾滋病8项知识的回答正确率明显高于同组干预前和对照组干预后，且差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)；实验组健康教育干预后社区就诊率提高，三甲医院就诊率减少，与同组干预前和对照组干预后比较，差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)；健康教育干预后实验组医药费用较同组干预前和对照组干预后减少，差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论健康教育干预能够提高女性工作人员性与生育健康知识水平，规范其行为。