四维盆底超声在初产妇盆底功能障碍性疾病中的运用研究

摘要

Objective:To provide better clinical treatment plan by grading and classifying four-dimensional ultrasound pelvic floor dynamic imaging primiparas pelvic floor dysfunction.Methods: 270 cases with pelvic floor functional disorders (bladder prolapse) of high-risk mothers were selected, from the beginning of the median sagittal plane and three-dimensional reconstruction of the surface at rest, to observe the bladder and urethra and pelvic diaphragm hiatus and anal status under Valaslva changes in the measurement parameters (bladder neck mobility, posterior horn of bladder and urethra, rotation angle of the urethra) and its Green typing.Results: There was no statistical difference between the mode of delivery cystocele resting corresponding BSD and posterior horn of bladder and urethra (t=1.133,t=1.165;P>0.05). Under Valsalva state, there were significant differences the two groups corresponding to BSD, the bladder neck mobility, posterior horn of bladder and urethra and rotation angle of the urethra (t=2.147,t=5.628,t=3.502,t=4.396;P<0.05). The incidence rate of type II and type III in vaginal delivery group is higher than that in cesarean section group. The incidence rate of type I in vaginal delivery group is less than that in cesarean section group. The differences were statistically significant (x2=6.080,P<0.05). Conclusion: The pelvic floor dynamic four-dimensional ultrasound imaging can clearly show the situation of pelvic floor before primiparas to understand the situation of maternal mode of delivery cystocele production. It can provide a more reliable basis for early clinical diagnosis of maternal pelvic floor dysfunction.%目的：运用盆底四维超声动态成像对初产妇盆底功能障碍性疾病(PFDD)进行分级和分型，为临床提供更好的治疗方案。方法：选取270例患有盆底功能性障碍性疾病(膀胱膨出)的高危初产妇，分为经阴道分娩组(135例)与剖宫产组(135例)，分别从正中矢状面及三维重建面在静息、屏气向下用力动作(Valaslva)及缩肛状态下观察膀胱尿道及盆膈裂孔的超声成像变化，测量膀胱颈移动度、膀胱尿道后角及尿道旋转角的相关参数，并对其进行膀胱膨出Green分型。结果：静息状态下不同分娩方式膀胱膨出对应的膀胱颈距离耻骨联合下缘距离(BSD)、膀胱尿道后角无统计学差异(t=1.133，t=1.165，P＞0.05)；Valsalva状态下两组对应的BSD、膀胱颈移动度、膀胱尿道后角和尿道旋转角差异有统计学意义(t=2.147，t=5.628，t=3.502，t=4.396；P＜0.05)。经阴道分娩组膀胱膨出Green分型Ⅱ型及Ⅲ型的发生率较剖宫产组高，Ⅰ型较剖宫产组少，差异有统计学意义(x2=6.080，P＜0.05)。结论：盆底四维超声动态成像能清晰显示初产妇的前盆腔情况，有助于了解不同分娩方式产妇生产后膀胱膨出的情况，为临床诊断初产妇盆底功能障碍提供更加可靠的依据。