不确定需求下的设备动态布局方法

摘要

针对现有车间设备动态布局方法存在的不足，在考虑产品需求不确定性对布局性能稳定性影响的基础上，提出了一种结合模糊理论与改进遗传算法的不等面积设备动态布局方法。分析了产品需求不确定性及其随时间变化特性，引入了三角模糊数描述不确定产品需求；通过分析各生产阶段间的设备重组过程，将动态布局转化为数个静态布局，构建了基于柔性区域结构的不确定需求动态布局模型。结合三角模糊数运算及排序方法与自适应局部搜索机制提出了改进遗传算法，以物料搬运及设备重组费用总和为优化目标，解决不确定需求下的不等面积设备动态布局问题。通过算例测试和实例分析，验证了所提方法的有效性和实用性。%The dynamic facility layout method combined with fuzzy set theory and improved genet-ic algorithm was brought out on the basis of considering the influences of uncertain product demands, aiming at the deficiency of the present dynamic facility layout method.The characteristics of product demand uncertainty change over time were analyzed,and the uncertain demands were described by the triangular fuzzy numbers.The dynamic layout was transformed into several static layouts through an-alyzed facility relocation process between each period so as to establish a dynamic facility layout model under uncertain demands based on flexible bays structure.An improved genetic algorithm was pro-posed by combined triangular fuzzy number operation and adaptive local search with genetic algo-rithm,and then solved dynamic facility layout problems with uncertain product demands and unequal area constraints;the target of the problem was minimum the total cost of material handling and facili-ty relocation.At last,the examples were illustrated to verify the practicability and effectiveness of the given method.