人工照明对鸟类影响研究综述

摘要

人工照明在全球范围内的迅速增长造成的光污染对野生鸟类,尤其夜间迁徙的候鸟产生了非常严重的生态影响.因此,国内外开展了夜间人工照明对鸟类影响的研究.本文从人工照明导致候鸟撞击建筑、干扰鸟类定向机制、破坏鸟类生物节律以及扰乱鸟类生化指标四个方面归纳总结了光生态国内外研究动态,并分析了这些研究中所存在的不足.最后阐述了我国候鸟光生态研究亟待解决的问题与该研究的发展方向.%Artificial lighting has grown rapidly on a global scale.The resulting light pollution had a very serious ecological effect on wild birds,particularly migratory birds that travel at night.Therefore,the research about the effects of artificial lighting on birds was carried out both at home and abroad.This paper reviews the artificial eco-light research from four aspects:①the artificial light leads to more bird collisions;②the artificial light disrupts the magnetic-direction mechanism of birds;③the artificial light disrupts daily sleeping shift of birds;④the artificial light affects the biochemical criterion of birds.The paper also summarizes the shortages of all the above researches and indicates the present problems and research direction of this field.