1000例呼吸系统疾病患者抗菌药物的用药分析

摘要

ObjectiveTo evaluate the use of antibacterial drugs among inpatients with respiratory diseases in a hospital.Methods Medical records of discharged patients with respiratory diseases who use antibacterial drugs between January and June 2015 were retrospectively studied. Recorded information about the basic situation of patients,clinical diagnosis,the use of antimicrobial agents and the evaluation of drug use.Results Totaly 1 000 medical records had used antibacterial drugs,with combination therapy accounting for 81.3%(813/1 000).The top three antibacterial drug types regarding person-time use were cephalosporin(1 085/2 867,37.84%),quinolones (940/2 867,32.79%),andβ-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor(261/2 867, 9.10%). The top three antibiotic agents were levofloxacin and sodium chloride injection(499/2 867,17.40%),cefotaxime sodium for injection (498/2 867,17.37%),and cefdinir capsule (388/2 867,13.53%).Among the 1 000 cases,71.8%(718/1 000)used bacterial culture and identification,and 51.70%(517/1 000)used susceptibility testing. Irrational drug use occurred in 161 cases,accounting for 16.10% of the total. Conclusion There is the irrationality in antibacterial drugs use among the inpatients with respiratory diseases in a hospital. Antibacterial drugs should be used with more caution and rationality in the future.%目的：了解某院呼吸科住院患者抗菌药物的使用情况，评价其用药合理性。方法回顾性调查某院呼吸科2015年1～6月出院的呼吸系统疾病患者病历并进行统计分析。内容包括患者基本情况、临床诊断、抗菌药物的使用情况及用药合理性评价等。结果共调查1000份使用抗菌药物的呼吸系统疾病患者出院病历，其中联合用药占81.3%（813/1000）。使用例次数居前3位的药物种类分别是：头孢菌素类（37.84%，1085/2867）、喹诺酮类（32.79%，940/2867）、β-内酰胺酶抑制剂复方制剂（9.10%，261/2867）；使用例次数居前3位的药品分别是：左氧氟沙星氯化钠注射液（17.40%，499/2867）、注射用头孢噻肟钠（17.37%，498/2867）、头孢地尼胶囊（13.53%，388/2867）。71.8%（718/1000）做了一般细菌培养及鉴定，51.70%（517/1000）做了常规药敏试验。用药不合理的典型病历161份，占总病历数的16.10%。结论某院呼吸系统疾病患者抗菌药物的使用存在不合理性。抗菌药物的合理使用仍需进一步规范。