结肠镜在大肠癌早期筛查诊断中的作用研究

摘要

Objective To investigate the role of colonoscopy in the early diagnosis with colorectal cancer.Methods 80 000 permanent residents aged 40~74 years old in 4 townships in this district From August 2012 to June 2016, were selected for initial screening. A questionnaire survey and fecal occult blood test were conducted to ifnd 2 010 high-risk residents. Group residents to carry out early colonoscopy colorectal cancer screening, analysis of the ifnal screening results.Results There were 42 cases (2.09%) of colorectal cancer in 2 010 cases. The older the patients, the higher the incidence of colorectal cancer and the highest incidence of rectal cancer (23.81%) and descending colon (16.67%). Adenocarcinoma accounted for 61.90%, poorly differentiated cancer accounted for 14.29%, signet ring cell carcinoma accounted for 4.76% and adenomatous cancer accounted for 19.05%. Type accounted for 52.38%, ulcer type 10 accounted for 23.80%, infiltration of ulcer type accounted for 14.29%, diffuse invasion accounted for 9.52%.Conclusion In colorectal cancer early diagnosis, the use of colonoscopy for screening, early detection and early treatment, to achieve the purpose of reducing morbidity and mortality.%目的：探讨结肠镜在大肠癌早期筛查诊断中的作用。方法本次研究于2012年8月-2016年6月选择本区4个乡镇年龄40～74岁常住居民80000进行初次筛选，进行问卷调查，大便潜血试验，发现2010名高危居民，对该群居民实施结肠镜大肠癌早期筛查，分析最终筛查结果。结果2010例检查结果中存在大肠癌病例42例，占比2.09%；年龄越大，大肠癌发病例越高，且以直肠癌（23.81%）、降结肠（16.67%）等发病率最高。腺癌占比61.90%；低分化癌占比14.29%；印戒细胞癌占比4.76%和腺瘤癌变占比19.05%。肿块型占比52.38%；溃疡型10例占比23.80%；浸润溃疡型占比14.29%；弥漫浸润型占比9.52%。结论在大肠癌早期诊断中，利用结肠镜进行筛查，能够尽早发现、尽早治疗，实现降低发病率和病死率的目的。