某市城乡结合部精神性疾病流行病学调查

摘要

Objective To know the morbidity rate and distribution features of mental diseases in the rural-urban fringe zone and provide a certain reference basis for carrying out the community prevention and cure and rehabilitation management work of mental disease in the rural-urban fringe zone in our city. Methods 34625 persons in some community in Huilong-guan area were given epidemiological investigation on mental disorders according to the epidemiology manual requirements, and the diagnostic standards were psychological and behavioral disorder classification (ICD-10) and classification and diag-nostic criteria of mental disorders in China third edition (CCMD-3), and the disease type and demographic factors were recorded. Results The survey showed that 3 830 cases were with mental disorder, accounting for 11.06%, and 3 768 cases were with mild mental disorder, among them, depression occurred to 1727 cases (4.99%), phobia occurred to 846 cases (2.44%), anxiety occurred to 722 cases (2.09%), obsession occurred to 346 cases (1.00%), others occurred to 127 cases (0.37%), among them, 62 cases were with severe mental disorder, accounting for 1.79‰, and schizophrenia was main (34 cases, 0.98‰), mental retardation with mental disorder occurred to 13 cases (0.66‰), mental disorder caused by epilepsy occurred to 8 cases (0.23‰), paranoid mental disorder occurred to 4 cases (0.12‰) and bipolar affective disorder occurred to 3 cases (0.09‰). Conclusion Schizophrenia, mental retardation with mental disorder and mental disorder caused by epilepsy are the main in patients with severe mental diseases in the rural-urban fringe zone in our city, which is the key of prevention and cure and rehabilitation management work in community in future.%目的：为了解该市城乡结合部精神性疾病的患病率和其分布特点，为在该市城乡结合部开展精神性疾病的社区防治和康复管理工作提供一定的参考依据。方法在2014年1月—2015年1月期间，按照流调手册要求对回龙观地区的某社区34625人进行精神疾病流行学调查，其诊断标准为以精神与行为障碍分类( ICD -10)和中国精神障碍分类与诊断标准第三版(CCMD-3)，记录患病类型与人口学因素。结果共调查出3830例（11.06%)精神性疾病患者，共有3768例轻性精神疾病患者，其中抑郁症1727例（4.99%)，恐惧症846例（2.44%)，焦虑症722例（2.09%)，强迫症346例（1.00%)，其他127例（0.37%)；其中62例（1.79‰)为重性精神疾病患者，以精神分裂为主34例（0.98‰)，精神发育迟滞伴发精神障碍13例（0.66‰)，癫痫所致精神障碍8例（0.23‰)，偏执性精神障碍4例（0.12‰)，双相情感障碍3例（0.09‰)。结论在该市城乡结合部中重性精神疾病患者中以精神分裂症、精神发育迟滞伴发精神障碍和癫痫所致精神障碍患病为主，是今后社区防治和康复管理工作的重点。