Objective To study the hospital infection in patients with laparotomy in department of hepatobiliary and its rele-vant risk factors. Methods The clinical data of 300 cases of patients with laparotomy in department of hepatobiliary of our hospital from 2013 to 2015 were retrospectively analyzed, and 300 cases were divided into the hospital infection group and non-infection group, and the risk factors of hospital infection of the two groups were compared and analyzed. Results There were 42 cases with infection in the 300 cases, the incidence rate of hospital infection was 14.0%, the incidence rates of di-abetes, preoperative hypoproteinemia and postoperative drainage in the infection group were higher than those in the non-infection group, and the length of stay, operative time, intraoperative blood loss and postoperative drainage time in the in-fection group were longer than those in the non-infection group, and the differences between groups were obvious with sta-tistical significance, P<0.05, and the parts of hospital infection were mainly the operative incision, lower respiratory tract and urinary system. Conclusion The hospital infection factor in department of hepatobiliary is higher, we should make suit-able prevention measures according to the occurrence characteristics thus fundamentally reducing the occurrence probability of hospital infection in the department of hepatobiliary and improving the life quality of patients.%目的：探究该院肝胆外科开腹手术患者院内感染及其相关危险因素。方法该研究采取回顾性分析法，选择于2013年-2015年来该院肝胆外科进行开腹手术的300例患者作为研究对象，对其临床资料采取回顾性分析法，将300例患者分为院内感染组与未感染组，对两组患者引发院内感染的危险因素进行对比分析。结果在300例患者中有42例患者发生感染，院内感染发生几率为14.0%，感染组患者有糖尿病、术前低蛋白血症、术后引流患者比例均高于未感染组，且感染组患者住院时间、手术时间、术中出血量以及术后引流时间长于未感染组，组间差异明显，具有统计学意义(P<0.05）。院内感染的部位以手术切口、下呼吸道、泌尿系统为主。结论肝胆外科院内感染因素较高，需依据发生特征制定合适的预防措施，从根本上降低肝胆外科院内感染的发生几率，提高患者生命质量。
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