维生素E和硒对蛋雏鸭免疫及抗氧化功能的影响

摘要

为研究饲粮中维生素E和硒（Se）对笼养蛋雏鸭免疫及抗氧化功能的影响，试验选用体况相近的1日龄金定蛋鸭216只，随机分成6个处理组，每组6个重复，每个重复6只试鸭。采用2×3（维生素E×Se）有重复试验设计，分别饲喂添加维生素E （15、30 mg/kg）和Se （0、0.15、0.30 mg/kg）的试验饲粮，试验期为4周。结果表明：（1）维生素E对免疫器官指数影响不显著，但对血清IgA作用极显著（P＜0.01）；与15 mg/kg 维生素E组相比，30 mg/kg维生素E组蛋雏鸭各项免疫指标均不同程度提高。 Se除对血清IgM影响不显著外（P＞0.05），对其他免疫指标均影响显著（P＜0.05）；其中Se添加量为0.15 mg/kg 时，均显著高于未添加量组（P＜0.05）。维生素E和Se的互作显著影响法氏囊指数和血清IgA含量（P＜0.05），其中维生素E 30 mg/kg+Se 0.15 mg/kg 组法氏囊指数和血清IgA含量最高。（2）随着维生素E添加量的增加，机体大部分抗氧化指标均呈上升趋势；其中血清T-SOD、T-AOC活性显著提高（P＜0.01），肝脏MDA含量显著降低（P＜0.05）。饲粮中添加Se显著影响血清和肝脏中T-SOD、GSH-Px、T-AOC活性（P＜0.05）；Se添加量为0.15 mg/kg时抗氧化指标最优。维生素E和Se的互作对血清T-AOC和肝脏MDA影响显著（P＜0.05），其中维生素E 30 mg/kg+Se 0.15 mg/kg 组在抗氧化方面优势明显。由此可见，饲粮中同时添加30 mg/kg 维生素E和0.15 mg/kg Se ，蛋雏鸭机体免疫和抗氧化功能具有显著优势。%This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of vitamin E and selenium (Se)levels on immune and antioxidant functions of egg-type ducklings in cages.Two hundreds and sixteen one-day old egg-type ducklings in cages were randomly divided into 6 treatments with 6 replicates of 6 each.A 2 × 3 completely random design was used in the experiment,in which the duckings were fed the diets for 4 weeks with 15,30 mg/kg vitamin E and 0,0.15,0.30 mg/kg Se,respectively.The results showed that:(1)Vitamin E levels had no significant effect on immune organ index,but had ob-vious effect on the IgA in the serum(P<0.01);30 mg/kg vitamin E could increase the immune indexes in varying degrees compared with 15 mg/kg vitamin E.Se levels had significant effect on immune indexes (P < 0.05),but no effects on the IgM index;the effect of 0.15 mg/kg Se was significant,compared with 0 mg/kg Se (P < 0.05).The interacton of vitamin E and Se had obvious effects on bursal index and IgA in the serum (P < 0.05),higher bursal index and IgA in the serum were obtained from the 30 mg/kg VE+0.15 mg/kg Se treatment.(2)With the increase of vitamin E levels,most of antioxi-dant indicators were increased of body;the activities of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD)and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC)in the serum were significantly increased (P < 0.01),and the content of methane dicarboxylic aldehyde(MDA) was significantly decreased (P<0.05).When Se was added into diets,significant effects on the activity of T-SOD,T-AOC and glutathione peroxidase were observed in the serum and liver (P < 0.05),the suitable dose of Se for antioxidant index was 0.15 mg/kg.The interaction of vitamin E and Se had significant effects on the activity of T-AOC in the serum and the content of MDA in the liver (P < 0.05),30 mg/kg vitamin E + 0.15 mg/kg Se treatment had more obvious superiority in antioxidant capacity than other treatments.The results indicated that 30 mg/kg vitamin E + 0.15 mg/kg Se treatment had the certain superiority in enhancing the immunity and antioxidant capacity for egg-type ducklings in cages.