In this paper we collected soil samples from Yanqi basin-a typical oasis of arid region innorthwest of China, and examined the contents of 10heavy metals. We have investigated the distribution characteristics, sources and the exceeding ratios of the national standard, and we also assessed the soil pollution and potential ecology risk of them by using multivariate statistical analysis, the pollution index method and potential ecological risk index method. The results showed that in Yanqi basin, the average and maximum contents of ten tested heavy metals were all within the Environmental Quality Standards for soils of China (GB15618-1995). But the maximum contents of Zn, Pb, Cu, Ni, As and Cr exceeded the background values of Xinjiang, and the exceeding ratios of them were 8%, 7%, 11%, 9.2%, 12% and 8.1%, respectively. The descriptive analysis showed the order of the average values of the ten tested heavy metals was Mn>Zn>Cr>Ni>Cu>Co>Pb>As>Cd>Hg. Multivariate statistical analysis showed there were high corrections among heavy metals of Zn, Pb, Hg, and Cu, and they originated from anthropogenic pollution. Additionally, there were high corrections among heavy metals of Mn, Co, Cd, Cr, Ni and As, and they originated from the natural geological backgrounds. Pollution and the potential ecology hazards evaluation showed that in Yanqi basin, there was no pollution for the tested 10heavy metals, and they were in low ecological risk. But the relatively high contents of heavy metals Pb, Zn, and Hg in some places of the basin should be paid more attention.%通过采集干旱区典型绿洲-焉耆盆地表层土壤样品，测试其中10种重金属的含量，采用多元统计分析、污染指数法及潜在生态风险指数法研究土壤中重金属的赋存特征、来源及其污染状况和潜在的生态风险.结果表明：焉耆盆地土壤中10种重金属的平均值和最大值均未超过土壤环境质量二级标准，但重金属Zn、Pb、Cu、Ni、As和Cr的最大值超过新疆土壤背景值，超标率分别为8%、7%、11%、9.2%、12%和8.1%.统计分析表明焉耆盆地土壤中10种重金属的平均含量顺序为：Mn>Zn>Cr>Ni>Cu>Co>Pb>As>Cd>Hg.研究表明焉耆盆地土壤中重金属Zn、Pb、Hg、Cu之间具有较高的相关性，主要来源于人为污染；重金属Mn、Co、Cd、Cr、Ni、As之间具有较高的相关性，主要来源于自然地质背景；污染指数评价表明焉耆盆地土壤中10种重金属均未出现污染状况，处于较低的生态风险，但土壤中重金属 Pb、Zn、Hg的含量在部分地区相对较高的现象应引起重视.
展开▼
