长江口及邻近海域沉积物中石油烃污染特征

摘要

In order to investigate the characteristics of the distribution and pollution level of the petroleum hydrocarbon in surface sediments. Based on data obtained from the Changjiang Estuary and its adjacent areas in the rainy season from year 2004to 2009, the distribution characteristics and pollution level of the petroleum hydrocarbon in surface sediments analyzed, and their influencing mechanisms was further analyzed. The average content of the petroleum hydrocarbon was 176.25mg/kg and there was almost no pollution in the investigation area. The distribution pattern of the petroleum hydrocarbon was decreased from the alongshore to the open sea and hydrographic dynamics, adsorption and flocculation played important roles in the distribution of the petroleum. According to the spatial analysis results, the petroleum hydrocarbon in surface sediments was classified into four areas and the results were supported by multidimensional analysis and ANOSIM test. The investigation area could classify into inshore turbidity maximum areas, inshore areas, muddy areas, and there was a perennial low value area in the offshore area located in the southeast.%根据2004~2009年丰水期对长江口及邻近海域的调查监测资料,研究了沉积物中石油烃的时空分布特征及污染情况,分析了其影响机理.结果表明,石油烃平均含量为176.25mg/kg,沉积物无石油烃污染；沉积物中石油烃空间分布格局整体上呈由近岸向远岸递减的趋势,陆源输送、水动力条件、细颗粒物质的吸附以及絮凝作用是控制石油烃分布的主要因素；调查海域空间分布尺度上可以划分为4个海域,MDS排序分析以及 ANOSIM 检验均支持了划分结果；沉积物中石油烃含量为近岸最大浑浊带最高,其次为近岸区和泥质区,在远岸区则常年存在一个石油烃含量的低值区.