化工园区基于排放环节的VOCs排放特征研究

摘要

VOCs emission characteristics based on emission links of representative enterprises in a typical Chemical Industry Park in Pearl River Delta were investigated.Sampled by TENAX tubes and analyzed by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS),the VOCs concentrations and compositions of different emission links as well as the exhaust funnels were obtained.Cluster analysis of VOCs compositions presented six classes existing,and the amount of VOCs in 2014 was calculated based on emission links.The results showed that the VOCs concentrations in each emission link of representative enterprises were 0.2～107.02mg/m3,almost all samples were above 10mg,/m3 and 1～34 times higher than that of enterprises' boundary concentration,which illustrates that the leakage of devices was serious.The VOCs composition of different factories or different emission links were diversity and alkane was the main pollutants,followed by benzene series and OVOCs.In addition,the detected compositions were inconsistent with raw materials in majority of factories expect storage and transportation enterprise,probably because of interreactions or by-products formation in factories.The amount of VOCs of each factory was less than 100t/a expecting YH storage enterprise,which amount was 1864.97t/a,and discharged mostly by fugitive emission.%以珠三角某化工园区为对象,采用TENAX吸附管采样,GC-MS分析,获取了园区内6家典型企业各排放环节的VOCs含量水平及组分特征,基于组分进行聚类分析,将27个有效点位分为6类;并利用监测数据计算了2014年分环节的排放量.研究结果表明:6家企业各排放环节VOCs浓度范围为0.2～107.02mg/m3,大部分排放环节的VOCs浓度均超过了10mg/m3,是厂界浓度的1～34倍,说明厂区生产装置管线和元件泄漏严重.不同企业不同排放环节VOCs物种有所差异,但绝大部分排放环节的物种以烷烃为主,其次是苯系物和含氧VOCs;除原料罐区外的大部分环节所检测到的物种与原辅材料不完全一致,这可能由于生产过程中存在相互反应生成中间产物或副产物;所检测企业中,YH储运的VOCs年排放总量为1864.97t,而其余5家企业年排放量均小于100t,企业所排放的VOCs主要来自储罐呼吸、密封点泄漏等无组织排放.