头孢菌素类药物的不良反应及临床使用要点分析

摘要

Objective To explore the adverse reactions of cephalosporins and clinical use points.Methods The clinical data of 80 patients with adverse reactions from April 2015 to April 2016, who received cephalosporin drug therapy, were reviewed retrospectively. The adverse reactions and the causes of the adverse reactions were summarized. And then clear the clinical use of cephalosporins drugs points.Results In 80 cases, there were 41 cases of allergic reaction, 18 cases of blood system reaction, 8 cases of urinary system reaction, 6 cases of nervous system reaction, 4 cases of digestive system reaction, 3 cases of respiratory system reaction. The reasons of adverse drug reactions were drinking, drinking, eating habits, emotional factors, age factors, environmental factors, individual differences, and irrational drug dosage in the 24 h.Conclusion In the clinical treatment of cephalosporin drugs, we must fully consider the possible adverse reactions, and then to avoid, put forward effective solutions to improve the clinical treatment.%目的：探析头孢菌素类药物的不良反应及临床使用要点。方法对我院2015年4月～2016年4月接受头孢菌素类药物治疗而出现不良反应的80例患者的临床资料进行回顾性研究，总结患者的不良反应情况及发生不良反应的原因，进而明确头孢菌素类药物的临床使用要点。结果80例患者中，发生过敏反应41例，血液系统反应18例，泌尿系统反应8例，神经系统反应6例，消化系统反应4例，呼吸系统反应3例。发生不良反应的原因有用药24 h内饮酒、饮食习惯因素、情绪因素、年龄因素、环境因素、个体差异、用药剂量不合理。结论在临床治疗中应用头孢菌素类药物时，必须充分考虑可能出现的不良反应，进而加以避免，提出有效的解决对策，以此提高临床治疗效果。