重庆市畜禽产品中沙门氏菌污染状况调查分析

摘要

为有效控制畜禽产品中沙门氏菌的污染，以便对污染源和污染途径进行针对性监控，对重庆市屠宰场、农贸市场和超市供应链的畜禽产品中沙门氏菌污染状况进行初步调查分析，同时对从供应链中分离的沙门氏茵进行18种抗生素的药敏试验。结果表明：屠宰环节猪肉的沙门氏菌污染程度较低，为7.27%；经过运输到达销售环节，其污染程度明显上升，最高的是超市环节，高达64.52%。对其所处的环境进行调查分析，发现屠宰场和超市的沙门氏菌污染较严重，尤其是屠宰场容器（88.89%）、台面（55.56%）和超市刀具（50.00%）、地面（46.67%）；中型规模屠宰场的沙门氏菌污染风险最大。分离菌株对头孢类药物敏感，对磺胺类药物耐药严重，其次为四环素类和β-内酰胺类，多重耐药情况普遍。%This paper investigated Salmonella contamination situation in animal products at different sectors such as slaughterhouses and market. In the study, the antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella strains isolated from the supply chain to 18 kinds of antibiotics was tested. The results showed that the Salmonella contamination level of pork at slaughterhouse was relatively low, being 7.27%,and thisfigure significantly increased following the supply chain from the transportation to the marketing stage,with the peak witnessed at the stage of supermarket of 64.52%. Investigation and analysis of environment revealed that slaughterhouses and supermarkets were most heavily contaminated with Salmonella,especially the slaughterhouse container(88.89%),table(55.56%) and the supermarket cutter (50.00%) and ground(46.67%),and the highest risk for Salmonella contamination was observed at medium-sized slaughterhouse. In addition,the isolated strains were sensitive to cephalosporins,but demonstrated highly resistance to Sulphonamides,then to Tetracyclines,andβ- lactam,which indicated the existence of serious multi-drug resistance.