非离子型水性萜烯基环氧树脂乳化剂的合成与特性

摘要

以聚乙二醇(PEG)改性萜烯基环氧树脂(TME)合成了一系列萜烯基环氧树脂专用乳化剂TP,并通过相反转乳化法制备了水乳型萜烯基环氧树脂(WTME).考察了PEG相对分子质量(M_r)、TME与PEG配比、合成反应温度与时间对乳化剂的水溶性、表面活性、重均相对分子质量(M_w)及乳液的离心稳定性、粒子粒径分布、黏度的影响.实验结果表明,以Mr相对适中的PEG 4000与TME按物质的量比2∶ 1、在催化剂三氟化硼乙醚作用下、110℃左右反应1h合成的乳化剂TP - Ⅴ,对萜烯基环氧树脂具有很好的乳化效果,制备的乳液粒子粒径均一度较高,乳液表观黏度较小.透射电镜(TEM) 分析表明,以乳化剂TP - Ⅴ制备的TME环氧树脂稀乳液的粒子表面形成乳化剂 - 吸附水组成的水合双电层,在该水合双电层构成的树脂/水界面膜作用下,乳液粒子稳定分散于水中,粒径小于200nm.%A series of emulsifiers from terpinene-maleic ester type epoxy resin (TME) were prepared by TME modified with polyethylene glycol (PEG),and the emulsifiers were used to prepare waterborne TME emulsion (WTME) by phase-inversion emulsification.Influences of relative molecular mass (M_r) of PEG,molar ratio of TME to PEG,reaction temperature and time on solubility,surface activity,weight-average relative molecular mass (M_w) of the emulsifier,and particle size distribution,centrifugal stability and viscosity of the emulsion were investigated.It was shown from the results that emulsifier TP- V which was prepared by PEG 4000 reacted with TME,in the molar ratio of TME to PEG 2:1,at about 110 ℃ for 1 h,catalyzed by boron trifluoride diethyl etherate,has a very good emulsifying impact for TME.Particle size distribution of the emulsion was homogeneous and viscosity of the emulsion was small.It was shown from the TEM results that the particles of dilute waterborne TME emulsion which was prepared from emulsifier TP- V,could be dispersed stably in water,under the action of the interfacial layer,which was composed of hydrated electric double layer with the composition of emulsifier and adsorbed water,and adsorbed on the surface of the particles.The particle diameter was less than 200 nm.