无模板剂法制备沸石分子筛和分子筛膜的研究进展

摘要

With the advent of new inorganic materials and processing techniques ,there has been interest in exploiting the benefits of organic template‐free synthesis of zeolites and zeolite mem‐branes .Comparing with the template method , the organic template‐free method keeps the crystallinity and framework of the zeolites ,which also leads to less complex synthesis process , inexpensive and green industry production .Particularly ,the template‐free secondary growth approach avoids the formation of cracks in the zeolite membranes during template removal by high temperature combustion .This review summarizes various methods of template‐free syn‐thesis and discusses the applications of the template‐free zeolites and zeolite membranes .It in‐volves the seed‐induce ,seed‐free and crystal transformation method in the template‐free syn‐thesis of zeolite ,in contrast ,the template‐free secondary grow th method for the preparation of zeolite membranes .Furthermore ,suggestions and the development trend are also provided .%随着新无机材料和处理技术的发展，无有机模板剂法制备沸石分子筛和分子筛膜得到了广泛的关注。与有模板剂法相比，无有机模板剂法保持了沸石晶体的结晶度和骨架结构，合成过程更加简单、廉价和绿色。尤其无模板剂二次生长法制备分子筛膜避免了分子筛膜在高温煅烧脱除模板剂过程中缺陷的产生。本文作者综述了国内外制备沸石分子筛和分子筛膜的研究进展，着重介绍了晶种诱导法、自发成核法和晶型转化法制备沸石分子筛，以及无模板剂二次生长法制备分子筛膜，分析了存在的问题和可能的解决措施，并对其发展趋势进行了展望。