淀粉基絮凝剂的制备及其对污水中Hg2+的去除研究

摘要

Starch-based flocculant was synthesized through copolymerization of starch microspheres, hydroxylamine hydrochloride and N,N-dimethylformamide.The starch microspheres were prepared from sweet-potato starch by inverse microemulsion with acrylonitrile by using ammonium cerium nitrate as polymerization initiator, Span-60 and Tween-60 as the emulsifying agent in the mixture of cyclohexane and chloroform as oil phase.The product was characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and the surface area and pore size distribution was also analyzed.The flocculant was tested to remove the mercury ions in environmental sewage.Under the optimal conditions of mflocculant =0.15 g, θ=35 ℃, t=30 min, the adsorption rate (Q)of Hg2+ reached to 39.65%.%以原红薯淀粉为原料,吐温60和司班60为乳化剂加入到氯仿和环己烷的混合液中作为油相,并在硝酸铈铵为引发剂的条件下,跟丙烯腈用反相乳液聚合法制成腈基化淀粉微球.再将该淀粉微球与盐酸羟胺在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺下改性制成氨基化的淀粉基絮凝剂.用傅立叶红外光谱仪对该絮凝剂进行表征,研究其所含的基团和结构;用扫描电镜对该絮凝剂进行形貌观察;比表面积及孔径分析仪分析其比表面积及孔径大小.最终用所制得絮凝剂去除环境污水中的汞离子,并重点探究了在m絮凝剂=0.15 g,θ=35 ℃下,t=30 min的最优条件下,应用于西安市西郊实际污水,吸附Hg2+效果达到最优,其吸附率Q为39.65%.